Control techniques of towel gourd diseases and insect pests

Towel gourd is a cucurbitaceae climbing herb, fruit is a summer vegetable, widely planted all over the country, with high planting prospects and edible value, in the process of planting towel gourd diseases are virus disease, downy mildew, blight, powdery mildew and so on. Pests are melon wild borer, melon aphid, Liriomyza sativae and so on. Let's take a look at the disease and pest control techniques of towel gourd.

Towel gourd cotton rot

[harm characteristics] the damage period of towel gourd sheath rot is divided into seedling stage and melon setting stage, which leads to rotten melon after being killed.

[prevention and control methods] mainly focus on agricultural prevention and control, pay attention to the matching of three ditches, reduce field humidity, balance fertilization, prevent biased application of nitrogen fertilizer, strengthen chemical control, and mainly spray with Bordeaux liquid of 1-type and 2-type. When there is a lot of overcast and rainy weather in melon period, when the humidity is high, it is necessary to take precautions early and diligently.

Towel gourd downy mildew

[hazard characteristics] Downy mildew of towel gourd is not easy to occur under general environmental conditions. A large number of leaves withered during the disease, which directly affected the yield and quality of melon.

[control methods] with the combination of agricultural control and chemical control, agricultural control should properly increase the application of phosphorus and potassium fertilizer in order to improve the disease resistance of plants, and the diseased leaves should be removed in time when the disease is first seen, so as to reduce the spread of pathogens. 500 times metalaxyl can be selected for early root control, and 2000 times poisonous mildew should be sprayed at the beginning of the disease, once every 7 days.

Towel gourd virus disease

[hazard characteristics] towel gourd virus disease can be transmitted by aphids, agricultural operations and sweat contact.

[control methods] disease-resistant varieties were selected for ①. Disease-free and strong seedlings were cultivated by ② and planted in advance. ③ can control aphids in time. At the initial stage of the onset of ④, 20% virus A warm powder and 5% bacteriological clear water agent could be sprayed.

Towel gourd blight

[hazard characteristics] the pathogen comes from seeds or soil and spreads through wind, rain and irrigation water.

[control methods] resistant varieties were selected for ①. ② implements crop rotation and selects fields with moderate height and convenient drainage and irrigation. At the initial stage of the onset of ③, 40% ethylphosphonium aluminum 200x solution and 75% chlorothalonil solution were sprayed once every 7 days for 2-3 times.

Luffa powdery mildew

[hazard characteristics] the pathogen overwintered on the remnant, and a large number of pollinospores were produced on the disease spot in the growing season, which were spread by wind and rain.

[control methods] in late June, 1 ∶ 1 ∶ Bordeaux solution was sprayed once, and in the first ten days of July, 25% rust Ning solution was sprayed once every 5 to 8 days for 2 consecutive times.

Towel gourd wild borer

[damage characteristics] the wild towel gourd borer usually occurs in large numbers from July to September, causing serious damage.

[control methods] after harvest, ① combined with fertilizer to burn withered vines and fallen leaves and reduce the source of insects. In the early stage of ② larvae, the curled leaves were removed in time and some of the larvae were destroyed. During the period of high incidence of ③ larvae, the low instar larvae can be controlled by spraying 10% cyhalothrin 1500 times and 2.5% kungfu 3000 times.

Towel gourd aphid

[hazard characteristics] the adults and larvae of APHIS gossypii mostly clustered on the back of leaves, tender stems and shoots, causing leaf curling and growth point death, and as a medium for the spread of virus disease, the harm caused by aphids was much greater than that caused by pricking and sucking juice.

[control methods] ① removes weeds on the edge of the field in time and reduces the source of insects. During the peak period of aphid migration, ② used a yellow plate (coated with engine oil) to trap and kill aphids. ③ 50% to avoid aphid fog or 90% Wanling 3000 times liquid, 1% aphid gram 500x solution, focus on spraying leaf back and tender shoots.

Liriomyza huidobrensis

[harmful characteristics] the larvae latent feed on the mesophyll in the leaves, forming curved white insect channels, which affect the normal growth of the plant, which can lead to a large number of fallen leaves, flowers and premature senescence.

[control methods] ① cleans the countryside and takes weeds and litter out of the field and burns them. When sporadic damaged leaves occur in the ② field, remove them in time and deal with them centrally, do not throw them at random. ③ control should be carried out below 2 cm in length, with 0.25% Shengbang 1500-fold solution and 1.0% Avechongqing 1500-fold solution. Pay attention to alternate use to slow down the emergence of drug resistance of the insect.