What are the growth conditions of Pleurotus ostreatus?

The growth and development of Pleurotus ostreatus is closely related to the environmental conditions such as nutrition, moisture, temperature, pH, air and light, which are related to the success or failure of the cultivation of Pleurotus ostreatus. Let's take a look at the growth conditions of Pleurotus ostreatus.

Nutrition

Pleurotus ostreatus is a kind of wood-rot fungus which has weak ability to decompose lignin and cellulose. Wild Pleurotus ostreatus is only born on Camellia oleifera. After artificial domestication, broad-leaved trees such as paulownia, maple, willow, oak and poplar can be used as cultivation materials, but the mixed sawdust with loose material and less tannin is more suitable for the growth of Pleurotus ostreatus. Wheat bran, rice bran and cake fertilizer can be fully used as nitrogen sources.

In addition to the use of sawdust, bagasse, rice straw, cottonseed hull and fungus straw can also be used as carbon sources. Among the carbon sources, monosaccharides and disaccharides are the best, while starch and cellulose are weak. If there is only glucose in the culture formula, the mycelium growth is loose, and a small amount of sucrose is used, the mycelium will grow dense and flourish. It shows that mineral elements are needed in the process of mycelium growth.

Temperature

Pleurotus ostreatus is a medium-temperature edible fungus. On PDA medium, under the condition of 26 ℃, the spores germinated for 24 hours, and the fine hyphae could be seen with naked eyes after 48 hours. The optimum temperature for mycelium growth was 23: 28 ℃, stopped growing over 34 ℃, and could be preserved for 3 months at minus 4 ℃. The temperature range of primordium differentiation of fruiting body was 12-26 ℃, and the optimum temperature was 18-24 ℃. Lower or higher temperature would delay primordium differentiation. The temperature is low, the fruiting body grows slowly, but the tissue is strong, the mushroom shape is larger, and the quality is good. High temperature, easy to open umbrellas and form long-stalked Pleurotus ostreatus.

Moisture content

The water content of the culture medium for the cultivation of Pleurotus ostreatus should be controlled at 60%-65%, that is, grasp a handful of the medium by hand, squeeze it hard, moist between the fingers, slightly water but not flow, the fingers are loosened into pieces, and it is appropriate to spread out after landing. However, different kinds of sawdust and thickness are slightly different, so they should be mastered flexibly. When the mycelium grows, the air relative humidity is required to be less than 70%. The fruiting body formation and development period is 85%-95%, and the growth period is appropriately reduced to prolong the shelf life of the product.

Air

Tea tree mushroom is a kind of aerobic macrofungus, which is very sensitive to carbon dioxide, and the concentration of carbon dioxide in poor ventilation is too high, which is easy to cause slow growth of mycelium, thick and long stalk of fruiting body, small cap, early opening of umbrella and deformed mushroom.

Light

Pleurotus ostreatus is a light-dependent fungus, the fruiting body has the characteristics of phototaxis growth, and appropriate diffuse light is a necessary condition for the completion of normal life cycle. During the mycelium culture, the mycelium still grew in the absence of light, but did not form a fruiting body. The fruiting body is not easy to differentiate without light, and the suitable light intensity is 50 to 300 lux.

Acidity and alkalinity

The hyphae of Pleurotus ostreatus prefer weak acid environment, the most suitable pH is 5.5 ~ 6.5, and the mycelium grows sparsely and slowly below or above pH 4.