Construction technology of vegetable greenhouse

At present, facility agriculture has large output and good benefits, which is a major direction for the development of modern agriculture. at the same time, it has high scientific and technological content, high technical requirements, and a lot of investment, so it is very risky and difficult for ordinary farmers who want to participate. Below, the editor will share with you the technology related to the construction of vegetable greenhouse.

1. The bamboo-wood arch plastic greenhouse has a span of 8-14 meters, a medium height of 2.2-2.5 meters, and a length of about 50 meters. Bamboo poles with a diameter of 3-6 centimeters are used as arches. Each row of arches are supported by 4-6 pillars. The distance between arches is 1.0-1.2 meters. Concrete or wooden poles are used for columns, and the columns are spaced 3.0-3.6 meters apart. Fabricated galvanized steel pipe plastic film greenhouse: span 6-8 meters, medium height 2.5-3 meters, length 30-50 meters, using φ 22 × 1.2-1.5 mm thin-walled steel control as arch bar, tension rod, upright rod.

2. The span is 4-6 meters, the medium height is 1.5-2 meters, there is a row of pillars in the middle, the distance between the arch bars is 1 meter, and the three arch bars are provided with a pillar. The pillars are longitudinally connected with bamboo poles 20 centimeters away from the shed surface, tightened with No. 10 iron wire, and each column is fixed to form a whole.

3. The shed mainly uses thin bamboo poles or bamboo slices, bauhinia strips, 6-8 cm steel bars as support materials, bent into an arch skeleton, with a medium height of 1-1.5 meters, a span of 2-3 meters, and is sequentially inserted into the frame every 60 meters, with a depth of about 20-30 centimeters. The length depends on the topography, and the skeleton is covered with plastic film.

4. The ratio of shed type to height distance, the ratio of shed type to height span is mainly related to the stability of the greenhouse. Under a certain wind speed, the curved surface of the streamlined shed is large, and the wind speed is weakened, so the wind resistance is better. On the other hand, the height-span ratio of the greenhouse with shoulder is small, the Radian is small, and the wind resistance is poor. The ratio of height to span in southern greenhouse should be 0.3-0.4.

5. for the specification and direction of the greenhouse, the southern greenhouse is generally 30-50 meters long and 6-12 meters wide. If it is too long, the temperature difference between the two ends is large, and the transportation management is not convenient. Too wide ventilation and poor ventilation also increase the difficulty of design and construction. The medium and high height is 2.2-2.8 meters, the higher the greenhouse is, the greater the wind load is, but the greenhouse is too low, the curve of the shed surface is small, and it is vulnerable to wind damage. When the rain is heavy, it will form a water pocket, resulting in a collapse of the shed.

6. site selection and planning, the site of the greenhouse should be sunny, sheltered from the wind, flat, fertile soil, good soil quality, adequate water source, convenient drainage and irrigation, no shade of tall trees and buildings around. In the construction of greenhouse groups, the distance between sheds should be maintained at 2-2.5 meters, and the distance between shed heads should be 5-6 meters, which is conducive to ventilation and transportation.

7. It is mainly composed of column, arch bar, thin film, compression bar or No. 8 iron wire. The cross section of this kind of greenhouse is tunnel type, which is longitudinally north-south, with a length of 50-150 meters and a width of about 13 meters.

8. Cover the film: it is best to use a drip-free film, the width is selected according to the span of the shed, start from both sides, and then cover it up in turn. The connecting seams of the two films overlap each other by 20 centimeters. A pressure rod is arranged between the two arches on the shed film to tighten the film so that the surface of the shed is prismatic.

9. Install the arch bar and pull rod, and select the duck egg bamboo, which is fixed 0.3 meters below the top of the column, so that each row of longitudinal columns are integrated. The arch is fixed on the top of the post with duck egg bamboo and tightened with wire.

10. The column can be buried with 6 × 8 cm cement column or 5 × 8 cm wooden column or bamboo pole. A row of columns is buried every 3.2 meters. Each row is generally composed of 4-6 columns, the middle column is 2 meters above the ground, the two waist columns are 1.5 meters above the ground, the two side columns are about 0.7 meters above the ground, and the posts are buried 0.3-0.4 meters underground. Each column must be accurately fixed, buried and buried straight. And make the east, west, north and south in rows, each row of columns at the same height.

Note: the direction of the construction of the plastic vegetable shed is very important, and the extended greenhouse in the north and south receives light evenly, which is suitable for spring and autumn production. The greenhouse extended from east to west has good lighting conditions in winter.