Planting techniques of pea

Pea is a long-day crop that likes cold and cool. if you want to grow in the four seasons, you have to select varieties that are slow to respond to light, cold and heat-resistant, early-maturing and highly resistant to stress. After years of experiments, Zhongmu 4 and Zhongmu 6 were selected from 8 varieties, such as Zhongmu series, pearl green, white jade pea and so on. These two varieties showed the advantages of insensitivity to light, short growth period, large elasticity of sowing time and high yield. Excellent quality and other advantages. With the application of cultivation facilities such as plastic film greenhouse, greenhouse and sunshade net shed, the four seasons cultivation of pea can be realized successfully.

Sowing at the right time

As peas can be planted in four seasons, vegetable farmers can flexibly control the sowing date according to stubble and season, and can also determine the appropriate sowing date according to the time requirements of pods on the market. According to the experimental demonstration and production practice, the relationship between sowing time and harvest time in the lower reaches of the Yangtze River is as follows: autumn sunshade net cultivation from the first ten days of August to the end of August before October 1, and autumn open field cultivation from late August to mid-September and mid-October. Winter greenhouse cultivation in October-February of the following year New Year's Day, winter open-field cultivation in November-around January 1 of the following year Spring open-field cultivation from February to mid-April, summer open-field cultivation from the first ten days of May to the end of May and late June, and summer sunshade net cultivation from mid-May to mid-June and early July.

Reasonable close planting

Zhongmu No. 4 and No. 6 are dwarf varieties with plant height of 40--50cm and suitable close planting. The row spacing in spring, summer and autumn is 35cm, and the hole spacing is 10cm, 3 grains per hole, and the seed consumption is about 10kg. Winter sowing row spacing 40cm, hole spacing 15cm, 3 grains per hole, seed amount 7kg about 667m2.

Scientific fertilizer and water management

Choose fields with good soil fertility, convenient drainage and irrigation and sufficient light to plant. Nitrogen, phosphorus and potassium compound fertilizer 30--40kg was applied as base fertilizer and a certain amount of organic fertilizer was applied in 667m2. Urea 10kg or human and animal fertilizer 1000kg were applied at the flowering and pod stage of 667m2 to promote pod formation and grain strength. In the later stage of growth, the mixture of 0.5% urea and 0.2% potassium dihydrogen phosphate can also be used for extra-root fertilization. Plants should be watered in time during drought, especially in the flowering and podding stage, and water should be replenished in time. In addition, peas cultivated in summer should pay more attention to the timely supply of water, which can not only meet the water demand of plant growth and development, but also effectively reduce the surface temperature and promote its normal growth.

Timely application of protection facilities

The main results are as follows: 1. Among the anti-freezing measures, Li No. 4 and No. 6 have strong anti-freezing ability at the seedling stage, but the anti-freezing ability decreases sharply after flowering, and the pods need a certain temperature at the stage of long-grain filling. Therefore, peas should be covered with plastic film in time in winter. Do a good job of cold protection and heat preservation. Before the arrival of a short-term strong cold current, cold-proof materials should be temporarily covered to protect young green bean pods from frost injury.

2. Shading and cooling measures in summer, due to high air temperature, fast growth, short growth period and small pods, timely shading net can effectively reduce the direct sunlight, reduce the air temperature and soil temperature, increase soil moisture, and promote the growth of individual plants. increase yield.

Look at Miao's skillful use of chemical control technology

The peas of Zhonghu series will blossom when they grow to 7mur8 knots (with 7 pinnately compound leaves) after emergence, and enter the stage of both vegetative growth and reproductive growth. At this time, if the vegetative growth is too prosperous, it is easy to drop flowers and pods, especially the peas cultivated in plastic film greenhouse are more likely to grow, only vines but not pods. Therefore, in the case of 8 compound leaves of 7 Mel, the cultivation of pea in greenhouse should properly control fertilizer and water, reduce the greenhouse temperature, facilitate the transformation from vegetative growth to reproductive growth, and ensure the rational distribution of photosynthates between vegetative growth and reproductive growth. Promote flowering and pod. Peas with a trend of overgrowth should be controlled by spraying 1000 times with 15% paclobutrazol.

Timely harvest

Due to the different growing seasons and cultivation methods, there is a great difference in the days of picking green pods after flowering. In summer, due to high temperature and rapid growth of pods, it takes only 20 days from flowering to harvest, while in winter cultivation, it takes more than 30 days from flowering to harvest. Therefore, we should flexibly control the harvest date according to the use of pods and the degree of strong seeds. The pods that mainly eat green beans have been fully bulged, and the beans have reached 70% fullness, and the pods are about to be harvested when they begin to change color.