Misunderstanding of vegetable cultivation in greenhouse

In daily life, many vegetable farmers often make wrong judgments and actions on the cultivation of vegetables based on intuitive views or immature experience. Here are the common mistakes and solutions for vegetable farmers.

Myth 1: if there is more fertilizer, there will be more output.

Many vegetable farmers think that if a large amount of fertilizer is applied to the vegetable field in the greenhouse, there will be a high yield. In fact, excessive fertilization of vegetables can easily cause fertilizer damage. Solution: first, after three years of planting in the greenhouse, chicken and cow manure are controlled within 2500 kilograms, and chemical fertilizers are reduced by about 50 percent. Second, in the plots with high total salt concentration, we should pay attention to the application of cow dung, humic acid fertilizer and EM bacterial fertilizer in order to increase the ratio of soil carbon to nitrogen, loosen the soil and reduce the damage of salt and fertilizer. The third is to supplement boron, zinc and magnesium fertilizer and balance soil nutrition so as to create conditions for reducing input and striving for sustainable high yield.

Misunderstanding 2: if there are more seedlings, there will be a high yield.

Many vegetable farmers tend to keep more seedlings, thinking that leaving more seedlings can lead to high yield. In fact, due to low temperature, weak light, poor photosynthesis and less carbohydrate synthesis in winter, high yield can only be achieved with reasonable density. Solution: first, reasonable sparse planting of overwintering vegetables is better. Second, in order to make full use of the space, we can adopt the management methods of close planting in the early stage, thinning plants in the middle stage and thinning branches in the later stage, and the distance is based on the uncrowded leaves and branches, so as to improve the total yield and total benefit.

Myth 3: think that if the temperature is high, the vegetables will grow faster.

In fact, vegetables have an upper limit on temperature, which is generally 2532 ℃. If the temperature is too high, the respiration is high, the operation and physiological activities of the body are disordered, the plants grow excessively, and the nutritional and reproductive growth is not balanced, the yield will decrease instead. Solution: one is to set up two vents in the greenhouse to cool down in time. The second is to manage according to the temperature required during the growing period of all kinds of vegetables and the suitable temperature requirements of each organ during the growing period, so as to prevent the high temperature from growing without fruit.

Myth 4: if the vine is strong, the vegetables will grow well.

Most people think that the plant is a good crop, but in fact, the water is full of leaves, the roots must be shallow, and the yield is low. Excessive vegetative growth will inevitably affect reproductive growth, but the yield will decrease. The solution: first, to master the root depth of weak plants in the seedling stage, control water, control plants and promote roots, so that the underground part absorbs about 60% of photosynthate, and the underground and aboveground absorption accounts for 50% respectively in the middle and later stage. Second, the nutrient consumption of the plant accounts for 60% in the early stage, 40% in the reproductive growth, 50% in the middle stage, 60% to 70% in the later stage, and only 30% to 40% in the vegetative growth, that is, to ensure that there is a certain assimilation leaf area in the early stage, control the vine and promote fruit in the later stage, and increase the yield.

Mistake five: think that if you take medicine frequently, there will be fewer diseases.

Many vegetable farmers give medicine every 2 to 3 days in the middle and later stages of vegetable growth, believing that frequent administration of the medicine can prevent the spread of the disease. Solution: first, identify the disease, symptomatic spray, it is best to choose copper, zinc, not only can sterilize, but also enhance the plant resistance to germ invasion, but also promote crop growth. The second is to improve the ecological environment, luxuriant branches and leaves, poor ventilation, daily medication effect is not necessarily good, should be thinning leaves to cool down. Third, for the dead seedlings caused by soil-borne bacteria, attention should be paid to the prevention of drug use at the seedling stage. If you ignore the source of the disease, catch the disease in the seedling stage and attack in the later stage, the pathogen has invaded the plant, and the effect of frequent medication is not good.

Misunderstanding 6: think that more stubble, more income

Many people believe that investment in the construction of greenhouses should not leave the land idle, so the secondary stubble follows the main stubble, the main stubble covers the secondary stubble, and the planting stubble is often counterproductive, the actual effect is poor, and the benefit is low. Solution: one is to overwintering, it is better to plant one crop a year, and it is appropriate to plant two crops a year in spring and autumn. The old plants of eggplant, pepper, tomato and cucumber can be harvested again, and the seedlings can be pulled out to dry the field when the price is low. The second is to leave a period of time every year in summer to turn the ground deep, rain and salt, sun sterilization, pest control and soil ripening.