Planting techniques of White fresh Bark

Dictamni bark, also known as white moss bark, eight-leg cattle, mountain peony, sheep fresh grass, etc., is a perennial herb of Rutaceae, mainly produced in Liaoning, Hebei, Sichuan, Jiangsu and other places, born in slope bushes, mountain bushes and forests, root bark used as medicine has the functions of clearing heat and drying dampness, expelling wind and detoxifying, anti-cancer, high cultivation value, let's take a look at the planting technology of Dictamni bark together!

growth habit

Wild cortex dictamni grows mostly in sunny hillsides, forest margins and low shrubs with sandy soil, with strong adaptability, warm and humid, sunny, cold resistant, drought resistant and waterlogging resistant. The seeds are spherical, bright black, 1000-grain weight 20~21 g, suitable germination temperature 16~20℃. The conditions are suitable, seedling emergence 15~18 days after sowing, plant height 10~15 cm, winter can naturally overwinter. Biennial plant height of more than 20 cm, taproot length of 15~20 cm. 3-year-old seedlings began to flower and bear fruit. The growth period of cultivated cortex dictamni is about 150 days, returning to green in late April, and the aboveground part begins to wither in late September.

Land selection and preparation

Cortex Dictamni is mainly propagated by seeds, concentrated seedling first, grown for 1~2 years and then subplanted. Nursery land should choose sunny, fertile loose soil, good drainage sandy loam flat or gentle slope, low-lying waterlogging, saline-alkali land or heavy clay land is not suitable, it is best to have drainage and irrigation conditions. Deep ploughing 25~ 30cm, at the same time according to the fertility of the fully decomposed farm manure 1500~ 2000kg per mu. After breaking the clods, make a bed, bed width 1~1.2 meters, height 15~20 cm. Transplanting land should be selected gentle slope land, pay attention to good drainage, mountain area can use sunny hillside wasteland, orchard and artificial young forest inter-row cultivation, can also use contracted tussah workshop, hazelnut garden low shrub space cultivation.

seeding and transplanting

1. Sowing: After harvesting, seeds of Dictamnus heterophylla are dried for 5~7 days, stored in a cool and ventilated place, sown in autumn from early October to early November. If autumn sowing is not possible, seeds are frozen outdoors at low temperature, and sown in mid-April to early May of the next spring. Autumn sowing seedlings early, seedlings Qi. When sowing, level the bed surface, ditch according to row spacing of 12~15 cm, ditch depth of 4~5 cm, step on the bottom grid, sow the seeds together with fine sand into the ditch, cover the soil with 3~4 cm, and sow 10~15 grams per square meter. After covering the soil, the bed surface is slightly suppressed, and the conditional bed surface is covered with a layer of straw to keep moisture, which is beneficial to seedling emergence.

2. Transplanting: The seedlings of Dictamnus chinensis grow for 1~2 years and are transplanted after the ground wilts in autumn or before returning to green in the following spring. All seedlings in the seedbed are dug out, classified according to size, planted respectively, row spacing is 25 - 30cm, plant spacing is 20 - 25cm, trenching or digging holes are carried out according to the length of seedling root system, and the top buds are placed in the ditch holes upward to make the seedling roots spread. Cover the soil to 4~5 cm over the top bud, cover after stepping solid, dry after planting to irrigate water.

field management

1. Seedling field: When seedling emergence of Dictamnus chinensis seedling field, the cover on the bed surface should be removed one by one, weeding and loosening should be done frequently during the growth period, and field drainage should be done well in rainy season. 2-year-old seedlings in the growth peak appropriate topdressing nitrogen and phosphorus, but also can be used 0.3~0.5% potassium dihydrogen phosphate solution foliar fertilizer. After the ground part withers in autumn, remove the remaining stems and leaves, and cover the bed surface with 2~3 cm of soil to facilitate the seedling overwintering.

2. Transplanting field: The transplanting field of Dictamnus heterophylla is often loosened and weeded. After each weeding, soil should be cultivated at the base of the stem to prevent the young roots from exposing to the ground. Drainage shall be done well in high temperature and rainy season from July to August to prevent root rot caused by accumulated water in the field, and phosphorus and potassium fertilizer shall be applied at the same time. Plants that do not collect seeds cut off buds at the beginning of pregnancy to facilitate root growth. After autumn withers, cuts the stem and leaf promptly, the bed surface covers the soil or covers a layer of fully decomposed farm manure, commonly known as applies "the cover dung", is advantageous to the root overwintering and the next year plant growth.

Harvest and seed retention

1. Harvesting: Dictamni bark grows for 2~3 years after transplanting, and the medicinal roots are harvested after the aboveground part of the plant withers in autumn or before returning to green in the following spring, and harvested in autumn. First cut the stems and leaves on the ground, dig out all the roots from one end of the seedbed, remove the soil and residual stems, and dry them in the sun. Remove fibrous roots when sun-dried, remove the middle hard core (xylem) of roots, and then sun-dry them completely and store them for later use. 2.8~3.3 kg fresh roots can be dried 1 kg, dry products per mu 300~350 kg.

2. Seed retention: The healthy plants that have grown for more than 4 years should be selected for farming. Management should be strengthened at ordinary times. Phosphorus and potassium fertilizer should be applied at flowering stage. Drainage should be paid attention to in rainy season. The seeds begin to mature in mid-July and should be picked as they mature to prevent natural cracking of the fruit petals and make the seeds fall to the ground. Fruit green begins to turn yellow, fruit petals are about to dehisce can be taken. Before 10 a.m. every day, cut the fruit when it is wet, dry it in the sun, and cover it with a transparent plastic sheet to prevent the seeds from bouncing to other places. After all the fruits are dried and cracked, beat them with a wooden stick to remove the pericarp and impurities, and store the seeds or sow them in autumn.

disease Control

1. Downy mildew: Downy mildew usually starts to occur in March, mostly occurs on leaves, leaves are initially brown spots, gradually produce a layer of downy mildew on the back of leaves, so that leaves die, 40% ethyl phosphorus aluminum wettable powder 200 letter solution, or 50% Ruidumei 500 times solution, methyl thiophane 800 times solution spray.

2. Sclerotinia sclerotiorum: Sclerotinia sclerotiorum usually occurs in the middle of March, damaging the base of stems, initially showing yellow-brown or dark brown water-soaked fusiform disease spots, seriously rotting at the base of stems, lodging and withering on the ground, hypha and sclerotia can be seen on the soil surface, and 3% Sclerotinia sclerotiorum or 1:3 lime and grass charcoal can be mixed and returned to the surface of the bed, or 5% ammonium chloride powder can be used.

3. Rust: rust usually occurs in the first and middle of March. In the early stage, the leaves show yellow-green spots, then turn yellow brown, the spots on the back of the leaves or stems bulge, and rust powder is scattered. It can be sprayed with 500 times of 60% zinc wettable powder or 1000 times of 25% triadimefon wettable powder.