Planting time of heavy buildings

The heavy building is born under the hillside forest and in the shady place of the bushes. It likes temperature, humidity and shade, but it is also cold-resistant, drought-resistant, and afraid of frost and sunshine. The average annual temperature is 13-18 ℃. Sand and loam soil with high contents of organic matter and humus can be planted, especially by the river, edge and shady mountain. Let's take a look at the planting time.

Seed treatment of Rhizoma polyphylla

The dormancy period of Rhizoma thunbergii seeds is long, and the natural germination rate is low. The dormancy is broken by artificial methods, the germination rate is increased and the growth cycle is shortened. The method is to use the combination of variable temperature stratification and plant hormone treatment to break dormancy and explore the effects of temperature, substrate and light on its germination. The results showed that the seed embryos of Rhizoma thunbergii had the phenomenon of secondary dormancy. After cold storage and variable temperature treatment of fine sand, the germination rate was more than 90% after being treated with 50,100mg / L GA for 24 hours, using fine sand as substrate and accelerating germination at 20 ℃ for 60 days.

Planting time of heavy buildings

1. Seed direct seeding: the direct seeding time of Chonglou is usually after the rain in the first or middle of January, with a row spacing of 30cm 35cm, a plant spacing of 20cm 25cm, a small shallow pond with a depth of 3cm, a narrow moisture of 130cm, and a wide soil moisture of 150cm. Sow the seeds coldly for 24 hours before sowing, sow with plant ash, sow 2-3 seeds in each pond, and cover 2-3 cm of fertile soil with half of fine soil. The dry soil should be watered in time and germinate in 7-10 days.

2, seedling transplanting: the seedling time of the heavy building is usually selected in the dry land or vegetable garden with water in the first ten days of April. Before digging the land, it is best to use 40% pentachloronitrobenzene 5 grams per square meter mixed with fine soil for soil disinfection. After leveling the soil moisture surface, open a sowing ditch about 5 centimeters deep according to the row spacing of 15 centimeters on the soil surface, sow seeds in the ditch according to the plant spacing of 5 centimeters, then cover soil 3 centimeters, cover fine dung 2 centimeters, pour through water and cover plastic film, and seedlings can emerge in 5-7 days. After raising seedlings for one month, the seedlings were transplanted to the field according to the specifications of direct seeding.

3. Rhizome planting: in autumn and winter, the rhizome was dug and stored in a cool and dry place without diseases and insect pests. It was taken out in the first and middle of April of the following year, cut into small segments according to the characteristics of bud remnants and bud marks, and each section was guaranteed to take 1 bud scar. After cutting, it was properly dried and mixed with plant ash, planted in the seedling bed like sowing, covered with film, rooting and growing buds for 15 to 20 days, and transplanting to the field according to the direct seeding specifications in the middle and late May.

Planting management of heavy buildings

1. Interseeding: in the middle and last ten days of May, the seedlings were carried out in the direct seeding field, and the ponds were checked to make up the vacancy at the same time. Before the seedlings should be watered, the seedlings should be pried with wooden sticks, and the root water should be watered when replenishing the seedlings, so as to make full use of the seedlings to ensure the whole seedling and sufficient density.

2. Ploughing: heavy buildings require loose soil. The growth of the aboveground part is weak, so special attention should be paid to loosening the soil and weeding. From late May to early June, there are many torrential rains and the soil is easy to harden, so it is necessary to drain and prevent waterlogging in time, plough the soil frequently, loosen the soil shallowly, and pay attention to the removal of weeds at any time.

3. Weeding: after Miaoqi or transplanting, weeding and loosening soil should be done in time, so as to avoid root injury and affect growth. Usually cover the border with grass to moisturize.

4. Fertilization: 70% of the total fertilizer used in artificially cultivated heavy buildings must be applied to the soil before transplanting, and the amount of topdressing in the later stage can only account for about 20% of the total fertilizer. Human fecal water is applied once a year after the seedlings are unearthed, no or less chemical fertilizer, chemical nitrogen fertilizer is prohibited.

5. Pipe water: the heavy building likes the overcast and wet environment, the border and soil layer should be kept moist, watering in time in the dry season, spraying water at regular intervals, and timely ditch drainage in the rainy season to prevent stagnant water in the field and induce diseases.

6. Bolting: in order to reduce nutrient consumption and concentrate nutrients on underground tuber growth, when bolting occurs from May to June, all bolts should be cut off in time to increase yield.

7. Shading: the heavy building likes shading and is afraid of strong light, and the transmittance is 40-50% during the whole growth period. therefore, shading measures should be taken after emergence and transplanting, and shading nets should be adopted where there are conditions, and the method of planting branches can be adopted in places where there are no conditions. it can also be seen as interplanting corn and other tall stalk crops for shading, but we should pay attention to density and interplanting.

8. Cultivate the soil: the heavy building usually has the growth law of blooming above and expanding the tuber below. Generally, it grows fastest from mid-June and late June to August. Topdressing must be applied again in the first ten days of June, with 2000-3000 kg of mature farm manure per mu and 20-30 kg of calcium. After chasing after the root, the soil on the culture must be loose and keep the soil moisture surface and ditch bottom free of stagnant water.

9. Harvest: it can be harvested before and after falling seedlings in autumn, that is, from November to December to March of the following year. Most of the tubers grow in the topsoil layer and are easy to dig, but attention should be paid to keeping the tubers intact. First cut off the stems and leaves, then dig from the side with a hoe, dig out the tubers, shake off the soil, rinse with clean water, slice 2-3mm thick, and dry. On cloudy days, it can be dried over a low heat of about 30 ℃.