Planting technique of evening primrose

Evening primrose is an erect biennial coarse herb belonging to the Evening Primrose family of Willow Family. It is also known as late primrose, waiting grass, mountain sesame, wild sesame, etc. It originated in North America. After being introduced into Europe in the early stage, it quickly spread to temperate and subtropical regions of the world. It has been cultivated in Northeast China, North China, East China and Southwest China and has long been reduced to escape. Let's take a look at the planting technology of evening primrose together.

Evening primrose growing environment

Evening primrose adaptability, acid and drought resistance, the soil requirements are not strict, generally neutral, slightly alkaline or slightly acidic soil, good drainage, loose soil can grow, in the soil is too wet places, roots easy to get sick. Annual plants in the north and biennial plants in the south of Huaihe River. Often open wasteland roadside, drought tolerance and barren, black soil, sand, loess, young forest land, light saline-alkali land, wasteland, beach land, hillside land are suitable for planting.

Evening primrose seed propagation

Evening primrose can be sown in spring and autumn, and autumn sowing period is from mid-October to before freezing. If winter snow is heavy, autumn sowing is better than spring sowing, and winter snow is easy to cause lack of seedlings and broken shoots. Spring sowing can be carried out before sowing wheat and when the soil thaws 2 to 3 cm. When sowing, due to the small amount of sowing, 60 kg of diammonium seed dressing per hectare is used as filler. If it is insufficient, a certain amount of dry sawdust or fried wheat and rape can be added for sowing. The sowing depth is 1~2 cm. After sowing, it shall be suppressed in time. The seed dosage per hectare is 6 kg, and the seedlings per hectare are 400,000 to 500,000. The density of sowing cannot be too small, otherwise there will be branches, which will make the maturity inconsistent.

Cutting Technique of Evening Primrose

1, cuttings cuttings: evening primrose used for cuttings called cuttings, usually combined with the work of picking, pick down the thick, pest-free top as cuttings. The optimum temperature for cuttings rooting was 18~25℃. Cutting rooting was difficult and slow below 18℃. Cutting cuttings were easy to be infected and rotted above 25℃, and the higher the temperature, the greater the proportion of rotted cuttings.

2, temperature management: after cutting encountered low temperature, insulation measures are mainly used to cut the flowerpot or container wrapped with film. When the temperature is too high after cutting, the main cooling measures are to shade the cuttings, to shade 50~80% of the sunlight, and spray the cuttings 3~5 times a day. The higher the temperature in sunny days, the more the spraying times. The lower the temperature in rainy days, the less or no spraying times.

Humidity management: After cutting, the relative humidity of the air must be kept at 75~85%. The humidity can be increased by spraying cuttings 1 to 3 times a day. The higher the temperature in sunny days, the more the number of spraying times. The lower the temperature in rainy days, the less or no spraying times. However, excessive spraying, cuttings are easily infected and rotted by germs, because many kinds of germs exist in water.

4, light management: cutting propagation is inseparable from sunlight, but the stronger the light, the higher the temperature in the cutting body, the more vigorous the transpiration of the cutting, the more water consumed, which is not conducive to the survival of the cutting. Therefore, after cuttage, the sun must be blocked by 50~80%. After the root system grows out, the shading net is gradually removed. When it is sunny, the shading net is removed at 4:00 p.m. every day, and the shading net is covered before 9:00 a.m. the next day.

Evening primrose planting techniques

1. Land selection and preparation: Evening primrose is strong in nature, cold resistant, drought resistant, barren resistant, light-loving and avoid waterlogging. Bean stubble and melon stubble with fertile soil and good drainage shall be selected for planting, and continuous cropping can be adopted. However, plots with herbicide residues such as chlorsulfuron, chlorsulfuron, prostat and guangmieling shall not be planted with evening primrose. Bean stubble and miscellaneous stubble can be directly harrowed and ridged in autumn.

2. Substrate for upper pot: The substrate for upper pot can be selected from the following one: vegetable garden soil + slag =3 parts +1 part, or garden soil + medium coarse river sand + sawdust (Ru residue)=4 parts +1 part +2 parts, or peat + pearlite + ceramsite =2 parts +2 parts +1 part, or vegetable garden soil + slag =3 parts +1 part, or peat + slag + ceramsite =2 parts +2 parts +1 part, or sawdust + vermiculite + medium coarse river sand =2 parts +2 parts +1 part.

3. Potting of seedlings: When placing seedlings in pots, first put 2~3 cm thick coarse grain matrix or ceramsite as filter layer at the bottom of the pot, sprinkle a layer of fully decomposed organic fertilizer as base fertilizer, the thickness is about 1~2 cm, and then cover a layer of matrix, about 1 ~2 cm thick, and then put them into plants to separate fertilizer from roots to avoid burning roots. After finishing the pot, pour water once, and place them in a slightly shady environment for maintenance for a week.

4, seedling transplanting: seedling transplanting first dig planting hole, sprinkle a layer of organic fertilizer at the bottom of the planting hole as the base fertilizer (base fertilizer), the thickness is about 4~6 cm, and then cover a layer of soil and put seedlings, in order to separate the fertilizer from the root system, to avoid burning roots. After putting in seedlings, backfill soil, cover roots, step on soil with feet, and irrigate once.

5. Field management: seedlings are very similar to weed seedlings before the second pair of true leaves spread, and are easy to confuse. At this time, intertillage and weeding cannot be carried out until the second pair of true leaves spread. When the seedlings grow to 5~6 leaves, the weeds of Gramineae can be removed by spraying when there are many weeds. During the growth period, 2 times of hoeing and 2 times of cultivation should be carried out. The shoveling must be completed before flowering. When the seedlings are covered with ridges, the first time of hoeing and cultivation should be carried out. Artificial weeding was carried out twice in late July and early August, so that there were no weeds exceeding the plant height of evening primrose in the field.

6, harvesting and processing: evening primrose for unlimited inflorescences, fruit maturity one after another, generally there are 3 to 4 bottom pods yellow and to crack when the best harvest period, the specific time in late September, late early fruit dry, seeds scattered by themselves. It can be harvested manually or by a sun-cutter. After drying for 5~7 days, it can be picked up by a combine harvester or manually removed (beaten). The harvested seeds can be classified and cleaned by a grain cleaning machine to remove impurities. When the moisture content drops below 11% after drying, they can be stored or sold in bags.