Control method of Ganoderma lucidum ghost umbrella

Ghost umbrella is a common fungus that harms Ganoderma lucidum. The cover is warhead-shaped or oval at first, jade white, gray or grayish yellow, the surface is mostly scaly, after maturity, the cap unfolds, the bacterial fold changes from white to black, and finally dissolves into ink with the cap. It is easy to cause devastating disasters to Ganoderma lucidum. Let's take a look at the prevention and control methods of Ganoderma lucidum.

Symptoms of damage caused by Ganoderma lucidum ghost umbrella

Before the appearance of the ghost umbrella fruiting body, there were no obvious symptoms, and after the fruiting body grew out of the material surface, many gray-black small umbrella bacteria could be seen, which grew very fast and died at twilight, covering the whole bed. The occurrence of Ganoderma lucidum can be seen in soil-covering cultivation, and it competes with Ganoderma lucidum for water and nutrients, resulting in reduced yield or no harvest.

Incidence regularity of Ganoderma lucidum

The main results are as follows: 1. The route of transmission: ghost umbrellas often occur on horse, cow and sheep manure and compost and poor fermentation, and there are also a large number of spores on moldy or damp rice straw, cottonseed hulls and other raw materials. It is transmitted by air and spore-bearing matrix and mulch. The ghost umbrella that has happened dissolves quickly after opening the umbrella and spreads again with the ink-like liquid.

2. Occurrence conditions: in terms of nutrition, too much nitrogen source was added to the culture material, or excessive fermentation resulted in acid production and release of excess ammonia, preferring high temperature and high humidity, which mostly occurred in hot summer and humid substrates. Acid environment is very easy to induce a large number of ghost umbrellas.

3. Growth characteristics: the growth rate is fast, the appearance is early, and the cycle is short. For example, it takes about 7 hours from the formation of the fruiting body to the opening of the umbrella, about 8 hours from the opening of the umbrella to the autolysis of the bacteria, and only 24 hours from the formation of the fruiting body to the full autolysis, with a large number of spores, strong fecundity and ferocious. A hairy ghost umbrella releases more than 5 billion spores, which can easily cause devastating disasters once it occurs.

Control method of Ganoderma lucidum ghost umbrella

1. Choose dry, fresh and mildew-free raw materials and expose to the sun for 2 days before use. When the raw material is composted and fermented, the temperature of the material should reach more than 70 ℃ and turn the pile in time. The ratio of carbon to nitrogen and water content should be reasonable.

2. The soil should be sealed and fumigated with 5% formaldehyde solution before mulching.

3. In case of occurrence, ghost umbrellas should be removed, burned or buried in time before opening them.