Plantain planting technology

Plantain, also known as plantain, plantain, etc., is an annual or biennial herb of Plantago asiatica, which is born in grasslands, beaches, ditches, meadows, fields and roadsides. It is distributed in most parts of our country. Young plants are edible and have diuretic, heat-clearing, clear-sighted and expectorant effects. Let's take a look at the planting techniques of plantain.

Planting conditions of plantain

Plantain has strong adaptability and can be seen everywhere in the mountains and fields and roadside rivers from south to north in China. Plantain is cold-resistant, drought-resistant, lax on the soil, and can grow well on warm, moist, sunny, sandy fertile soil. The stem and leaf can grow normally in the range of 20-24 ℃. When the temperature exceeds 32 ℃, it will grow slowly and wither gradually until the whole plant dies. The slightly acidic sandy alluvial loam is better.

Planting technique of plantain

1. Soil preparation and fertilization: it is better to choose wet and fertile sandy loam. Plantain root system is mainly distributed in 10-20 cm tillage layer, so soil preparation should be meticulous. Turn over 15-20 cm, break soil blocks for border, border width 1 m, length 10-15 m, apply organic matter base fertilizer 4000 kg per mu.

2. timely sowing: the strip sowing method is simple, labor-saving and labor-saving, with a row spacing of 15 cm to 20 cm and a plant spacing of 6 cm to 7 cm. Open a shallow ditch, 1-1.5 cm deep, cover less soil after sowing, it is appropriate to see no seeds, and suppress once, to prevent soil evaporation, conducive to seed germination. Because the seeds germinate slowly, such as dry soil, water can be sprayed once 2-3 days after sowing, the current should be small, and the dry land should be loosened to avoid exposing the seeds. Seedlings emerged 10-15 days after sowing. The amount of seed used per mu is 0.3 × 0.5 kg.

Field management of plantain

1. Weeding between seedlings: weeds can be pulled out in time after the seedlings are completed. When the height of the seedlings is 6-7 cm, the seedlings can be harvested and fed. Plantain seeds are small, grow slowly after emergence, and are easy to be inhibited by weeds, so weeds should be removed in time at the seedling stage, usually 3-4 times a year.

2. Reasonable topdressing: plantain likes fertilizer, and after fertilization, there are more leaves, more spikes and longer ears, and the yield is high. Generally, topdressing is carried out for 3 times, and the first time in May, 1500 kg of sparse human and animal dung water is applied per mu. The second time was in early July, applying 10 kg of diammonium phosphate per mu. After the seed was collected for the third time, 1500 kg of stable fertilizer was applied per mu.

3. Pest control: the main diseases of plantain are powdery mildew, there is a layer of gray powder on the surface or back of the leaves, and finally the leaves die. At the initial stage of the disease, 50% methyl topiramate is sprayed with 1000 times solution.

4. Harvest and processing: plantain is used as medicine with seeds. When the fruit is ripe, the ear is cut, dried and rubbed out, and the seeds are winnowed. The dry seeds are 40kg / mu and 50kg / mu.