Control techniques of diseases and insect pests of Clematis roxburghii

Anoectochilus roxburghii, also known as Clematis and Clematis, is a rare perennial Chinese herbal medicine of the genus Cymbidium of Orchidaceae. Because of its health care and medicinal value, Clematis is becoming more and more popular. How to prevent and control diseases and insect pests in the process of planting Anoectochilus roxburghii has also become an issue of concern to many farmers. let's take a look at the pest control techniques of Clematis.

Cataplexy

[characteristics of the disease] the quenching disease was mainly caused by Fusarium oxysporum, and a yellow-brown watery spot appeared at the base of the stem of the diseased seedling, which quickly developed to a week around the stem, and the tissue of the diseased part rotted, withered and shrunk in a linear shape. The disease developed rapidly, the seedlings fell down and died rapidly, and the phenomenon of stunning appeared.

[control methods] Comprehensive control or spray with 75% chlorothalonil wettable powder 600 times or 64% chlorothalonil wettable powder 500 times or 50% carbendazim wettable powder 600 times, see sporadic seedlings should be sprayed to improve the control effect, once every 7 days, 2 times 3 times.

Soft rot

[incidence characteristics] soft rot is a bacterial disease, which mainly damages the petioles of the middle and lower inner stems and leaves near the surface. In the early stage of the disease, it is difficult to detect, in the middle of the disease, brown necrotic spots appear outside the epidermis of about 3 cm of the stem base, and brown wet rot appears on the veins. The middle and lower leaves of the plant were yellow and wilted at high temperature. in the later stage, the whole plant wilted, upright and broken by hand.

[control method] spray 200 ml / L of new plant elements or 100 times of Nongkang 751 water agent, spray 14% ammonia copper solution 300 times before rain, after rain or watering, or 77% can kill 500 times of wettable powder, or 50% copper succinate sulfate 500 times of wettable powder.

Snails and slugs

[hazard characteristics] snails and slugs eat soft tissues such as root tips and buds, which seriously affect their growth.

[control methods] physical control of ①: set up an anti-insect net at the vents of the greenhouse to reduce the chance of pests entering the greenhouse. ② biological control: the use of bacteria, fungi, viruses, plant extracts, antibiotics and other biological pesticides to kill insects.

Red spiders and mites

[hazard characteristics] the adults and nymphs absorb juice on the leaves, resulting in yellow dots on the damaged leaves, which turn yellow and scorch in severe cases, until they fall off and the plants die.

[prevention and treatment] ① biological control: 20% compound Liuyangmycin 1000-fold solution or abesu 2000-fold solution. ② chemical control: 10% mirex 3000 times or 20% fenpropathrin EC 2000 times for spray.

Small land tiger

[damage characteristics] before the 3rd instar larvae ate the heart leaves and leaves of Anoectochilus roxburghii into small notches or mesh shape. after the 3rd instar larvae bit off the seedlings from the tender stems near the ground, resulting in lack of seedlings and broken ridges.

[physical control] set up sweet and sour liquid trapping pots to trap and kill small tigers and other pests. The ratio of sugar, vinegar, wine and water is 3, 4, 1 and 2. The sweet and sour liquid should be covered with a small amount of insecticide (Lesbon or triazophos) during the day and set off at night. When the topsoil near the seedlings is bitten off in the early morning, the latent larvae of small tigers after the 3rd instar can be caught. Or 150 grams of 90% trichlorfon crystal, add 1 ~ 1.5 liters of water, and then mix in 5 kilograms of crushed and fried wheat bran to make poison bait, which is sprinkled near the seedling root in the evening.

[chemical control] the root was irrigated with 100 times solution of 90% trichlorfon crystal.

Mole cricket

[hazard characteristics] the roots of seedlings were eaten in the soil, which was decapitated in the shape of hemp, resulting in the death of seedlings, and many raised tunnels were formed on the surface of the soil, which separated the roots of seedlings from the soil, dried up and died.

[control method] 5% phoxim granules 1 kg 1.5 kg mixed with fine soil 20 kg 30 kg, sprinkled in the planting ditch, or irrigated with 1000 times of 80% dichlorvos EC.

Integrated control of diseases and insect pests of Clematis roxburghii

1. Cultivate strong test-tube aseptic plantlets: because of slow growth and difficult flowering and fruiting, it is difficult for seed reproduction. Therefore, tissue culture is usually used for artificial propagation in production. Using biological tissue culture technology, selecting high efficiency culture medium and combining with the best plant growth regulator, we can refine seedlings scientifically and reasonably and cultivate strong test tube aseptic plantlets.

2. Soil disinfection in greenhouse: the artificial cultivation of Anoectochilus roxburghii was mainly cultivated in greenhouse, and the soil and space were disinfected with smoke agents such as sulfur or chlorothalonil before planting.

3. Rational use of medium: when the tissue culture seedlings are transplanted to the field, the rice bran is used to burn until blackened and not whitened as the medium. the rice bran has good water absorption and permeability, and is rich in Mg2+ and K + ions. Its ability to accumulate nutrients can reduce the aseptic state and the chance of moving seedlings to be harmed by bacteria, and help bottle seedlings to adapt to the change of environment.

4. Rational layout: to create the best external conditions conducive to the growth of Anoectochilus roxburghii, but not conducive to the occurrence of diseases and insect pests, according to the growth requirements of Anoectochilus roxburghii, we should select both sides of the mountain streams with dense forest to ensure shade, water irrigation, shelter from the wind and warmth in winter, reduce heat dissipation, maintain humidity and rationally rectify the border, and the height of the border should be controlled at 0.3-0.5 meters to ensure that the border surface does not accumulate water. Reasonable fertilization, more application of organic fertilizer and extra-root topdressing to improve plant disease resistance, higher air humidity is conducive to the growth of Anoectochilus roxburghii and improve plant fresh weight, but the cultivation medium should not be too wet, which can easily lead to soft rot. Attention should be paid to ventilation and light transmission measures.