Distribution of Origin of Panax quinquefolium

American ginseng is a perennial herb of Araliaceae, alias American ginseng, American ginseng, American ginseng and so on. It is native to Greater Quebec in Canada and Wisconsin in the United States, as well as Huairou and Changbai Mountain in Beijing, China. American ginseng is made in Canada and American ginseng. Let's take a look at it.

Distribution of Origin of Panax quinquefolium

American ginseng is native to the forests of Wisconsin in the northern United States, distributed in China and southern Canada, grows in mountains about 1000 meters above sea level, likes scattered light and diffuse light, and adapts to growing on forest sandy soil.

The difference between imported American ginseng and domestic American ginseng

1. Imported American ginseng: imported American ginseng has white color, fine horizontal grain, light weight, less powder, flat section, slightly qualitative shape, fine chrysanthemum texture, fragrant and strong, slightly sweet and bitter taste, refreshing taste, and can stay in the mouth for a long time.

2. Domestic American ginseng: the appearance of domestic American ginseng is rough, heavy and strong, powdery, uneven cross section, multi-solid chrysanthemum heart texture in the inner layer of the slice, no special flavor, bitter or light chewing, light and slightly astringent for a long time, sticky tongue.

The producing environment of American ginseng

1. Temperature: the change of temperature has an obvious effect on the growth and development of American ginseng. The study shows that the emergence of American ginseng seedlings is 10 to 30 days later than that of Chinese ginseng. The reason is that the temperature of American ginseng is higher than that of ginseng by more than 5 ℃. Only when the air temperature is above 10 ℃, the soil temperature (10 cm deep) is more than 7 ℃, and the air temperature is above 20 ℃ and the soil temperature (10 cm deep) is about 15 ℃, the plant can grow and develop normally. When the air temperature is about 28 ℃ and the soil temperature (10 cm depth) is about 20 ℃, it can blossom and bear fruit. When the air temperature is below 12: 14 ℃ and the soil temperature (5 cm deep) is 10 ℃. It entered a period of withering. Therefore, the temperature of American ginseng during the whole growth period is between 10 and 28 ℃. The growing period of the aboveground part is 130-150 days.

2. Moisture: although American ginseng originated from North America, and the latitude of North America is similar to that of most parts of China, the rainfall and altitude are different. American ginseng needs higher air humidity during the growing period (annual precipitation is about 1000 mm) and grows poorly in places with drought, low humidity and large temperature difference between day and night. For example, although American ginseng cultivated in Heilongjiang Forest Botanical Garden is often sprayed with water, it is not as good as American ginseng planted in the mountain area of Longfeng Mountain in Wuchang County, because Wuchang County has a cool climate and high humidity, which can promote the growth of American ginseng. Lack of water can lead to yield reduction or poor growth of American ginseng, vulnerable to diseases, but too much water, stagnant water in the ginseng bed is also disadvantageous to growth.

3. Illumination: light is an indispensable condition for the development of Panax quinquefolium. It grows in the natural forest environment of North America for a long time and forms a semi-negative ecological habit, which needs to grow under weak light, so it is necessary to build a simple shed for shade in our country. It likes oblique light, scattered light, avoid strong light, especially the direct light around noon will hurt the plant and cause sunburn. Therefore, cultivation under the forest can often improve the quality of American ginseng.

4. Ventilation: good ventilation conditions are necessary for the growth and development of American ginseng. The concentration, temperature and humidity of carbon dioxide and oxygen can be adjusted to meet the needs of growth and development of American ginseng. But strong winds can cause American ginseng to lodge, and wind damage can be reduced in areas where forests are used as barriers.

5. Soil: soil is the basis of the growth and development of American ginseng, it absorbs water and mineral nutrients from the soil, the quality of the soil is the key to determine the growth and development of American ginseng. Forest humus acid soil can meet the requirements of water, fertilizer, gas, heat and pH of American ginseng, and it is easy to achieve high yield. Therefore, the newly developed forest humus soil must be selected to grow American ginseng. However, after years of planting, there is a large consumption of soil fertility, which makes the soil destroyed in both physical and chemical properties, tends to be alkaline, and the bacteria harmful to American ginseng in the soil are increasing, so the soil where ginseng has been planted can no longer be planted. Ginseng must be improved or recuperated for decades to grow ginseng.

6. Topography: topographic conditions also have a certain impact on the cultivation of American ginseng, because it affects ecological factors such as light, temperature (air temperature, soil temperature) and moisture (rainfall, atmospheric humidity and soil water content). Some conditions play a leading role in the growth and development of American ginseng. Seedling emergence and seedling preservation are different in different slopes of the same piece of land, and the seedling preservation rate is high with slope and loess. In addition, the flat terrain without slope, the land is prone to stagnant water, American ginseng can be damaged by rust rot. Altitude also has a great effect on the growth of Panax quinquefolium. Generally speaking, the temperature decreases by 5.5 ℃ for every 1000m increase in altitude, so American ginseng is planted in the mountains in the south of China.