How to plant the seeds of Radix Isatidis?

Isatis root alias grass daqing, indigo, daqing for cruciferous plants. It is cultivated throughout the country. Isatis root likes warm and sunny environment, and its requirements for soil are not strict. Drought resistance, cold tolerance, avoid water. Isatis root is to seed reproduction, can be used live broadcast, let's take a look at how Isatis root seeds planted it!

planting season

Banlangen sowing season is different, the harvest of products are also different. According to the sowing time of Isatis root, it can be divided into four stages: autumn sowing, early spring sowing, spring sowing and summer sowing. Autumn sowing and early spring sowing are mostly aimed at harvesting seeds. The roots of Isatis root planted in these two periods cannot be used as medicinal materials. Summer sowing is suitable for use in areas with long plum rain season in the south. This method can reduce diseases and insect pests, but the yield is low. Spring sowing isatis root can harvest both leaves and roots, and higher yield, is the most commonly used method.

pre-sowing preparation

Isatis root belongs to deep root plants, like warm and cool environment, cold, afraid of waterlogging depression water, suitable for cultivation in North China and Northwest China. Before sowing isatis root, some preparations should be done, which mainly include land selection, soil preparation and fertilization.

1. Land selection: Isatis root is suitable for planting in sandy loam or river alluvial loam with low groundwater level, good drainage and loose fertility. Isatis root planted on such land has high yield, good quality, labor saving, small investment and high economic benefit. Here we should pay special attention to the selection of land must not choose clay and low-lying waterlogging plots, such plots are easy to make Banlangen rotten roots. In addition, it is better to choose a place with leeward sun and close to water source, so as to facilitate the lighting and irrigation in the growth process of Isatis root. Bean stubble or corn stubble was better than other crops. If the selected plot is a slope, the slope should generally not exceed 15°. Drainage facilities should be well established on the slope to prevent the loss of water, soil and manure from affecting the growth and yield of Radix Isatidis.

2. Fertilization: Apply base fertilizer before soil preparation. Base fertilizer to decomposed pig manure, horse manure, sheep manure for the best, do not apply raw manure, otherwise it will produce high fever due to fermentation after application, burn the root system of Isatis root. For pest control, it is best to spray 90% trichlorfon 800 times during manure accumulation to kill eggs, pupae and larvae. These fertilizers have high organic matter content, complete nitrogen, phosphorus, potassium and trace elements, which not only meet the growth needs of Isatis root, but also loosen soil, improve soil structure and physical and chemical properties, and have obvious promotion effects on the growth and yield of Isatis root. 2000-3000 kg of base fertilizer per mu; if manure is sufficient, it can be added to 4000 kg per mu. When manure is insufficient, 50 kg of diammonium phosphate or calcium superphosphate and 15 kg of potassium chloride or potassium sulfate can be added per mu.

3. Soil preparation: Since Banlangen is a deep-rooted medicinal crop, the root soil layer must be loose. Therefore, deep ploughing is needed after fertilization. In order to ensure the growth conditions of Isatis root system, the depth of ploughing should be more than 30 cm, which is conducive to the extension, straightness, smoothness and non-branching of roots. When preparing the soil, the sandy soil can be turned slightly shallower, and the more viscous soil can be turned slightly deeper. Finally, break the clods and flatten the plot. After the plot is straightened, it is necessary to make a ridge. In the north, the area with less precipitation can be made into a flat ridge with a width of 1.5-1.8 meters. High ridges should be made in the south to facilitate drainage. The height of the ridge is 20-30 cm. Generally, the ridge will be made lower in high places and higher in low places. Ridge length can be determined according to the terrain, flat plots can be used as long ridges, undulating plots can be used as short ridges. Leave a 30 cm wide working channel between the two beds. Combined with bed making, the soil is further broken to make the soil fine and broken, so as to prevent the soil from being mixed with soil and sundries, affect the germination and root growth of Isatis root, and ensure the quality of soil preparation. The standard of planting bed is flat bed surface and fine soil. When the land is finished, it will be planted.

Isatis seed

1. Seed selection: The seeds of Isatis root should be harvested in the previous year, with black new seeds on the seed coat. Such seed maturity is good, germination rate can be guaranteed at more than 95%. Moreover, such seeds will not bloom in the same year after sowing; if seeds stored for many years are selected, not only the germination rate is low, but also the flowering in the same year is easy, which affects the yield and quality of Isatis root.

2. Seed treatment: After seed selection, in order to improve the germination rate of Isatis seeds, seeds should be treated before sowing. Soak seeds in water for 12-24 hours. In this way, firstly, the grass scraps and seeds mixed in the isatis root seeds can be removed, and secondly, the seed coats of the isatis root seeds can be softened, which is beneficial to germination. After soaking, remove and dry, then you can sow.

Sowing time: In the planting process of Banlangen, there are strict requirements for sowing time and sowing method. Let us first understand the timing of the planting. For the spring-sown isatis root, the northern region is generally sown in early April, and the southern region can be sown appropriately in advance, but it is required to be sown when the local temperature is stable above 12℃, which is conducive to deep root penetration and prolonged growth period.

4. Sowing: water should be poured once a week before sowing to ensure the moisture needed for the germination and rooting of Isatis root seeds. There are many ways to sow isatis root, but the commonly used methods are drilling and hole sowing. The row spacing of 30 cm is used for drilling, and the seeding rate is about 3 kg per mu; the row spacing of 30×20 cm or 30×30 cm is used for hole sowing, and the seed rate is relatively small, between 1.5 and 2 kg per mu. Sowing depth is 3 cm, after sowing, cover a layer of fine soil, cover soil, thickness is about 1 cm, finally cover moisture film on the ridge surface. Due to the strong wind in spring, in order to prevent the wind from blowing up the plastic film, after the plastic film is covered on the ridge surface, in addition to the surrounding soil pressure, the center of the film should also be pressed with soil. It should be noted here that due to the weak top soil force of Banlangen seeds, it is necessary to press the soil between the two sowing furrows so as not to affect the germination of seeds.

seedling management

Isatis seeds can generally emerge in 7 to 10 days after sowing, and seedlings can emerge in 15 days.

1, hole ventilation: found that there are Isatis seeds after the emergence of seedlings should be timely pick up the thin film on the seedlings, so that one is conducive to the seedlings continue to grow upward, is to avoid the high temperature under the film will burn the seedlings. Because the night temperature is still low at this time, the ventilation holes cannot be opened too much, otherwise the seedlings will stop growing. The size of ventilation holes should be slightly larger than that of seedlings. Film-binding ventilation should be carried out every day until the seedlings on the bed surface are all out.

2. Weeding: During this period, due to the high temperature and humidity under the film, some weeds will grow rapidly, and the film will be broken. When weeds are found to break the film, they should be removed in time. In order to prevent weeds from continuing to grow here, hard clods should be pressed in this position after the weeds are removed.

3. Thinning: With the growth of Isatis root seedlings, in order to improve the ventilation and light transmission conditions of Isatis root seedlings and ensure the normal supply of nutrients, it is necessary to carry out a thinning when the seedlings grow to 5 to 6 true leaves. This time, the thinning seedlings should be based on the principle of going small and leaving big, going weak and leaving strong, and the seedling spacing should be kept at 5 to 8 cm. With the increase of external temperature, the ground temperature is also increasing continuously. Some people think that the mulch can be removed at this time. In fact, this is a wrong practice, because the ground temperature is high at this time. Although the Isatis root seedlings can grow rapidly, the growth speed of weeds is faster. When the film is removed, weeds will soon fill the whole ridge surface, affecting the continued growth of seedlings. The purpose of not removing the film at this stage is to kill weeds by using the high temperature under the film, and it is also beneficial to preserve moisture. When isatis root seedlings grow 10 cm high, the second thinning should be carried out. At this time, the thinning is also the fixed seedling of isatis root seedlings. Before the seedling is fixed, the covering film on the bed surface should be removed first, and then the bed surface should be cultivated once.

4. Intertillage: firstly, intertillage can change the permeability of the soil on the ridge surface, which is conducive to moisture conservation; secondly, intertillage is conducive to the root system of seedlings. Since the root system of Isatis root seedlings is not deep at this time, the intertillage depth should be shallow rather than deep, preferably 2 to 3 cm. After the cultivation is completed, it is necessary to carry out seedling identification.

5. Seedling fixing: The spacing between seedlings is 20 to 25 cm. Weeds should be removed at the same time of seedling fixing. In addition, if there is a place where there is a lack of rows during seedling fixing, seedlings should be replenished in time. The method of supplementing seedlings is to dig out over-dense Isatis root seedlings together with soil lumps, dig small pits 5 cm deep in the lack of seedlings, replant seedlings in the pits, in order to facilitate the survival of seedlings, after supplementing seedlings, water should be poured in time to slow seedlings. After the seedling identification work is completed, 50% carbendazim WP 1000 times solution should be sprayed once to prevent the occurrence of sclerotium disease.

6. Topdressing: After 3 days of film removal, organic fertilizer should be applied once after the seedlings adapt to the environment. Banlangen seedling nitrogen, so this fertilization should be topdressing urea application rate of 3 to 5 kg per mu. At this time, the seedlings of Isatis root are still small and the leaves are tender, so when the fertilizer falls on the leaves, it is easy to burn the leaves, affecting the yield. This requires that after fertilization, the seedlings of Isatis root be gently stirred with thin branches, so that the urea falling on the seedlings falls to the ground. After fertilization, water should be poured once. Considering that the seedlings are still small at this time, the amount of watering should be small, so as to wet the surface.