Requirements for planting conditions of Panax ginseng

Ginseng grows between 40-45 degrees north latitude, with an average temperature of-23 ℃ in January and 20-26 ℃ in July. It has strong cold resistance and can withstand low temperature of-40 ℃. The suitable temperature for growth is 15-25 ℃, annual accumulated temperature 2000-3000 ℃, frost-free period 125-150 days, snow cover 20-44 cm, annual precipitation 500-1000 mm. The soil is brown forest soil with good drainage, loose, fertile and deep humus layer or mountain ash brown forest soil, pH 5.5-6.2. Most of them are born under coniferous and broad-leaved mixed forest or deciduous broad-leaved forest dominated by Korean pine, and the canopy density is 0.7-0.8. Ginseng usually blossoms for 3 years, bearing fruit for 5 ~ 6 years, flowering from May to June and fruiting from June to September. Born in deciduous broad-leaved forest or coniferous broad-leaved mixed forest hundreds of meters above sea level.

Environmental requirements

Generally choose to oak tree, Linden-based broad-leaved forest and coniferous broad-leaved mixed forest. Ginseng likes cool climate and can be cultivated under the conditions of annual average temperature 2.4-13.9 ℃ and annual rainfall 500-2000 mm.

Soil condition

For yellow sand, black sand humus, loam and sandy loam with more than 3% organic matter content, the soil ph value is 6.0 to 6.5, and the volume ratio of water, gas and solid is 1:2:1. The concentration of BHC in soil shall not exceed 0.4 mg / kg soil, and the concentration of pentachloronitrobenzene shall not exceed 0.3 mg / kg soil. The slope is within 15 degrees. Use the soil every other year and disinfect the soil, seeds and seedlings before sowing and transplanting.

Ginseng is neither drought-resistant nor waterlogged, and the soil relative moisture content is more than 70%-80%. Therefore, it is extremely important to do well in drainage and irrigation.

Light condition

Ginseng is a negative plant, which has strict requirements for light, and the compensation point of ginseng light is about 400 lux. When the light increased from 400 lux to 10 000 lux, the photosynthetic rate increased linearly.

The light is too strong, the plants are short, and the leaves are thick and yellow. The light is too weak, the plant is thin and tall, the leaves are thin and thick green, and the growth is abnormal. Therefore, in the cultivation of ginseng, shading should be carried out, the transmittance should be adjusted, the direct light of strong light should be avoided, and scattered light and refracted light should be used.

The optimum light intensity for ginseng growth varies with latitude and air temperature. High latitude and low temperature require strong light, and vice versa. It is 7000-22000 lux in high latitude and 22000 lux in low latitude, and 7000000 lux in low latitude with higher temperature.

Fertilizer requirement

Ginseng likes to be fat, but it is afraid that it will not rot and mature. What I like is organic fertilizer and inorganic fertilizer, but I am afraid that the application of immature manure and the lack of soil moisture after fertilization will cause ginseng to burn its beard and rot roots.