High-yielding cultivation techniques of Arnebia euchroma

Purple grass is a plant of the genus Arnebia of the Arnebia family. This grass has purple flowers and purple roots, and can be dyed purple, hence its name. Also known as purple grass, purple Dan, purple grass root, mainly distributed in the United States, southeastern coastal areas, Central America, Europe and temperate regions, the Pacific and Indian Ocean islands. Lithospermum is also distributed in Liaoning, Shanxi, Hunan, Gansu, Shandong, Hubei, Guangxi, Sichuan, Shaanxi, Guizhou, Jiangxi, Hebei, Henan and other places in China, as well as Japan and Korea. It grows in areas ranging from 50 meters to 2500 meters above sea level, mostly on hillside grasslands, and has been artificially introduced and cultivated. Growing on hillside grasslands, it is a plant native to China (not introduced from abroad). Is a kind of Chinese herbal medicine, spring and autumn digging roots, remove residual stems and soil (do not wash with water, to prevent fading), sun-dried or low-fire drying, raw use. The roots and flowers of shikonin contain pigments, such as acetyl shikonin, shikonin, isobutyryl shikonin and so on.

Climate

Arnebia hardy, avoid high temperature, afraid of flooding. Calcareous soil, sandy loam and clay loam are the best soils.

Land preparation

After raking and raking the land deeply, open a small ditch with a distance of 20-30cm. Manure or green manure is applied in the ditch.

Planting

1. Seedling raising method: sowing seeds in the first ten days of April, watering the seedling bed first, sowing seeds after the water seeps down, covering the soil with more than 1cm, often keeping wet, and emergence in 15-22 days. When the seedling height was 6-10cm, it was transplanted to the field with row spacing 30cm and plant spacing 10-15cm, and watered after slight pressure.

2. Direct seeding method: sowing seeds before and after the Qingming Festival, sowing strips, opening shallow ditches according to row spacing 30cm, sowing seeds evenly, and suppressing after sowing. Seedling height 6cm about time seedling, plant distance 10-15cm.

Administration and Management

Prevent high temperature and direct sunlight in seedling stage, pay attention to watering, weeding and loosening soil. Drainage should be timely in the rainy season. When the seedling height was 20-25cm, 20-25 jin of superphosphate was applied per mu, followed by covering and watering.

Fertilizer application

It is suitable to plant on loose and fertile sandy soil with high terrain and good drainage. Before sowing, apply 75000 kg of farm manure per hectare, turn it more than 30 cm deep, rake it flat and make a bed 100cm wide, ready to sow.

Reproduction method

Reproduce with seeds, divided into autumn sowing and spring sowing. From seed harvest to ground freezing in early November, autumn sowing began to germinate at the beginning of April in the second year, and the whole seedling emerged from late April to early May. Spring sowing takes place from March to early April, and seedlings emerge from late April to early May. Spring sowing seeds must be treated at low temperature to allow the embryo to mature. If the seeds are sown more dry, they will not emerge in the same year. There are two sowing methods: strip method and sowing method.

1. Seed treatment: from late October to early November, after mixing seeds with wet sand at 1:3, hide in the pit, dig a pit 45 cm deep and 30 cm long and 30 cm wide on the sunny slope, put a small amount of branches at the bottom of the pit, cover the seeds with a layer of leaves, and cover the seeds with 10 centimeters of soil. pay attention to rodent prevention during seed sand storage. Before and after the Qingming Festival the following year, most of the seeds have already sprouted before sowing.

2. Strip sowing: open a shallow trench with a depth of 3 centimeters according to the row spacing of 15 centimeters, sow the seeds evenly, cover the soil 3 centimeters after sowing, and sow into the suppression. The use of 22.5-30kg per hectare.

3. Sowing: spread the seeds evenly on the bank and cover the soil by 2cm. After sowing, make the seed contact with the soil and press it a little. The sowing rate is 30 kg per hectare.

The seeds were sown in spring after treatment, and the seedlings began to emerge within about 10 days with sufficient temperature and humidity.