High-yielding planting techniques of Pinellia ternata

Pinellia ternata is a medicinal plant of Araceae, and the medicinal part is tuber. When the stems and leaves are luxuriant in summer and autumn, the bark and fibrous roots are removed and dried or dried to make a living of Pinellia ternata. Because of its high toxicity, it is often used after processing, such as Pinellia ternata, Pinellia ternata, Pinellia ternata and so on. Its taste is pungent, warm and toxic; it belongs to the spleen, stomach and lung meridians. Function dryness and dampness to resolve phlegm, and strengthen the stomach, reduce adverse reactions and stop vomiting, eliminate ruffles and disperse knots, external use can reduce swelling and relieve pain.

Planting technique of Pinellia ternata

1. Land selection and soil preparation: select sunny, deep soil layer, leguminous and gramineous crops in the previous crop, sandy loam soil without underground weed breeding, good drainage and rich in organic matter, and plough 20 to 25 cm to make a border 1.2 meters wide. The border ditch is 30 cm wide and 15 cm deep. Apply 15002000 kg of rotten farm fine fertilizer or soil fertilizer and 20kg of superphosphate per mu.

2. Sowing at the right time: sowing can be carried out in spring, summer and autumn, and it is better to sow before late February to early March in spring. In the border according to the row spacing of 20 cm to 25 cm to open a ditch 5 cm deep, the ditch width is about 15 cm, the tuber is sown in the ditch, the plant spacing is 2 cm 5 cm, and the amount of seed used per mu is about 60 kg. After sowing, cover the seeds with rotten farm fertilizer or soil fertilizer, then pour 1500kg to 2000kg of clear dung water, and cover the soil flat with the border surface. The border can be covered with thatch and rice straw for 1 cm to 2 cm to keep the soil moist and prevent the growth of weeds. Generally, after 20 days, the mulch was observed every 2 days, and the mulch was removed after 6 pm when the emergence rate reached about 60%.

Field management of Pinellia ternata

The cultivation environment is cool and moist, which can prolong the growth period of Pinellia ternata, postpone seedling falling and benefit photosynthesis and accumulate more in matter. Therefore, strengthening the management of water and fertilizer is the key to increasing production of Pinellia ternata. In addition to applying sufficient base fertilizer, topdressing was applied for 4 times during the growing period.

1. Fertilization: about 20 days after the seedlings came out in the first ten days of April, 1000 kg of human and animal dung water at 1:3 was applied per mu; field inspection and management should be carried out at any time, and weeds should be pulled out in time, with a shallow hoe between rows, with a depth of about 2.5cm, to avoid root injury. Because the root of Pinellia ternata grows around the tuber, and its root system is concentrated in the upper layer of 12-15 cm, the middle ploughing is shallow and not deep.

2. Topdressing in time: in the middle stage of growth, about 70 days after planting, the second fertilizer was applied in the period of bulb formation in late May, soaked in 30 kg oil and 60 kg water for 3-5 days, and 1000-1500 kg clear fecal water was topdressing with leaching solution, or 10 kg ammonium sulfate to 1000 kg clear fecal water. After the third seedling was dropped in August, when the new buds appeared in Pinellia ternata and the mother Pinellia ternata shelled and grew new roots, it was poured with 1:10 dung water, once every half month, and gradually emerged after autumn; the fourth time in the first ten days of September, when the whole seedlings of Pinellia ternata were complete, 25 kg of rotten cake fertilizer, 20 kg of superphosphate and 10 kg of urea were applied per mu, mixed evenly with ditch mud and removed to the soil surface to cultivate soil and facilitate grouting.

3. Soil cultivation: the purpose of soil cultivation is to cover the bulbs, make the buds take root and sprout in the wet soil, and form new plants as soon as possible, which is an important technical measure for high yield. Generally, if the seeds were sown before the first ten days of March, the bulbs on the petiole gradually matured and fell to the ground at the beginning of June, and the seeds matured and fell to the ground with the withering of the plant, so the soil should be cultivated once before June 10. Mu with plough bottom mud about 200 kg, spread cover border surface, about 1.5 cm thick, cover ball buds and seeds slightly suppressed. Cultivating soil with fine mud at the bottom of the plough can reduce the breeding of weeds, which is an effective measure to increase the yield of Pinellia ternata. The soil was recultivated once on July 15th and September 10th respectively.

4. Irrigation and drainage: Pinellia ternata likes to be moist and afraid of drought. in case of long sunny drought, it should be excluded after 6: 00 p. M. and last for half an hour. If Rain Water is too much, it should be drained in time to avoid tuber rot due to stagnant water in the field.

5. Picking buds: in addition to the need for seed reproduction, all buds extracted during the growing period should be removed so that nutrients are concentrated in underground tubers to increase production.

Prevention and control of diseases and insect pests of Pinellia ternata

1. Leaf spot

[characteristics of the disease] there were purple-brown disease spots on the leaves at the time of onset, and there were many small black spots in the later disease class. when the disease was serious, the disease spots were covered with golden leaves, causing the leaves to curl and scorch and die.

[prevention and treatment methods] at the initial stage of the disease, 65% Dysen zinc 500 times solution was sprayed once every 8 days for 2 consecutive 3 times.

2. Tuber rot

[characteristics of the disease] it often occurs in the hot and humid season in years with too much rainfall. It harms the underground tubers and causes rot, and then the aboveground parts wither and yellow and the seedlings die.

[control methods] timely dredging ditches and drainage in the rainy season of ① and after heavy rain; at the initial stage of the onset of ②, 5% lime milk was used to shower holes; ③ timely control of underground pests can reduce the harm.

3. Virus disease

[characteristics of the disease] the virus mostly occurs in summer, the leaves of the diseased plants are curled into flowers and leaves, and the plants are short and deformed.

[control methods] ① selected disease-free plants to remain seeds; ② timely control pests; ③ found diseased plants, immediately pulled out, concentrated burning and deep burial, disease holes with 5% lime milk watering to prevent spread.

4. Red diamondback moth

[hazard characteristics] Red Tian'e mostly occurs in summer, and the larvae bite the leaves with a large amount of food. When the occurrence is serious, the leaves can be eaten up.

[control methods] at the young stage, the pests were sprayed with 1500 times of 90% trichlorfon or 40% dimethoate emulsion, once every 5 days for 2-3 times.