How to cultivate Paeonia lactiflora, what are the planting methods and management of Paeonia lactiflora?

Paeonia lactiflora, also known as Radix Paeoniae Alba, Paeonia lactiflora, Paeonia lactiflora, etc., is a perennial herb of Ranunculaceae with large and beautiful flowers. Its root has the effect of calming liver and yang, collecting yin and nourishing blood, and collecting sweat slowly. Its cultivation techniques are as follows:

Soil preparation and application of base fertilizer

Choose sandy loam soil with thick soil layer, low groundwater level, good drainage and loose and fertile sandy loam soil. Evenly spread 3000-4000 kg of high-quality organic fertilizer and 50-60 kg of ternary compound fertilizer per mu as base fertilizer, turn 60 cm deep and rake fine and flat.

Seed selection and reproduction

The propagation of Paeonia lactiflora has the methods of split-root propagation and seed propagation, and the method of split-root reproduction is often used in production. In autumn, the peony plants with thick and uniform roots, strong terminal buds and no diseases and insect pests were selected, and the large roots with a diameter of more than 0.5 cm were cut off and used as medicine, leaving the root clusters with bud heads (also known as peony heads) for planting. The bud heads used for seed are divided into pieces according to their size and natural growth shape (also known as peony buds). Each piece is suitable for 3 buds with thick and strong buds and a thickness of about 2 cm. The peony buds of each mu of peony root can be planted in 3-5 mu field. Peony buds should be cut and planted at the same time. If they can not be planted at a time, peony buds can be stored in a wet sand pit 20 cm deep.

Planting and watering

It is generally planted from late August to September, early rather than late, and no later than late October at the latest, otherwise the new roots of peony buds will affect the yield and quality of peony. In order to emerge neatly and facilitate management, peony buds should be planted in holes according to their size. The distance between the planting rows is 50 cm × 30 cm, the depth of the hole is 12 cm, and the diameter is 20 cm; the hole is poured with enough water, and then 4 cm thick rotten stable fertilizer is spread at the bottom of the hole, and the overlying soil is 4 cm thick. After compaction, the tip of peony buds is placed upward into the middle of the hole, and 1-2 peony buds are placed in each hole. After planting, the soil in each hole is 10-15 cm high. Pour enough antifreeze water before overwintering.

Intermediate ploughing and weeding

After the soil thawed in the early spring of the following year, remove the soil in time, and loosen the soil to preserve soil moisture, in order to facilitate seedling emergence. Within 2 years after the seedlings were unearthed, the weeds should be ploughed 3-4 times a year, and then 4 Murray should be weeded 6 times a year before the plant sprouted to close the ridge. Soil moisture should be preserved by ploughing in summer, and comprehensive garden cleaning should be carried out in winter combined with intertillage to reduce diseases and insect pests.

Fertilizer and water operation

Paeonia lactiflora is a fattening crop. In addition to applying sufficient base fertilizer, topdressing should be applied three times a year from the second year after planting; after the first time of ploughing and weeding in March, 1500muri 2000 kg of human and animal manure fertilizer was applied per mu; the second and third times were in May and July, respectively. 1500 kg of human and animal manure fertilizer, 25-30 kg of cake fertilizer, or 40 kg of ternary compound fertilizer were applied per mu. Peony likes to dry and is afraid of waterlogging, so it generally does not need to be watered, but only needs to be irrigated at one time in the case of severe drought. The ditch must be cleared for drainage in the rainy season, otherwise the root will rot and the whole plant will die after flooding for 6 hours.

Cut flowers and remove buds

The medicinal peony blossoms in the third year after planting. In addition to leaving the planting plants after flowering, the budding buds were gently cut from the base of the stem from the end of April to the morning of early May to make flower arrangement or cut flowers, so as to concentrate nutrients for root growth.

Pest control

The diseases and insect pests harmful to peony are gray mold, rust, soft rot, grub, small land tiger and so on. Botrytis cinerea can be controlled by metalaxyl and Bordeaux solution, rust can be controlled by trimethoprim, diazolidone, diazolidone, etc., and soft rot can be controlled by agricultural streptomycin, mancozeb and Garenon. Grubs and small land tigers are treated with methyl isosulphate, phoxim, carbofuran and other insecticides.

Harvest and processing

In general, the old roots of Paeonia lactiflora were harvested in sunny days from August to September after planting. When harvesting, first cut off the stems and leaves of the plant, then dig out the whole root, remove the soil, and cut off the main root and lateral root for processing.