Seedling cultivation and transplanting techniques of Glycyrrhiza uralensis

There are three propagation methods in licorice planting: direct seeding, seedling transplanting and rhizome propagation. In comparison, the direct seeding yield is lower, and the rhizome proportion is larger; the seedling transplanting yield is high, the quality is poor; the rhizome propagation yield is high, the root strip accounts for a large proportion, it is more popular in the market, and the rhizome propagation is mostly used in production. This planting method is introduced below.

Land selection and preparation

It is appropriate to choose sandy loam with deep, loose and fertile soil layer. After the land is selected, 3000 kg of farm manure, 50 kg of superphosphate and 20 kg of potassium sulfate will be applied per mu as base fertilizer, and the depth of cultivated land should reach more than 40 cm.

Select seed stem

When licorice is harvested in February, the rhizomes with straight, stout, short internodes and adventitious roots are selected as seed stems. Cut the selected seed stem into small segments 15 cm long so that there are at least three budding nodes on each segment. The truncated seed stems were soaked in gibberellin solution of 30ppm for 3-5 minutes and then planted immediately.

Planting

Three small ditches with a width of 15 cm to 18 cm and a depth of 5 cm to 7 cm were opened on the finished border surface along the ridge. Two rows of seed stems were placed in each ditch to connect the end to the end, and then covered with soil after spraying 800 times of phorate, so that the seed stem was 4-5 cm under the border surface and watered once. When the border surface was not sticky, the soil moisture was preserved and the soil temperature was increased.

Field management

Licorice propagated from rhizome emerges slowly, and it takes about 20 days when the ground temperature reaches 80% at 18 ℃. Therefore, during this period of time, we must do a good job in drought resistance and soil moisture conservation to ensure that the border surface is moist and conducive to seedling emergence. The seed stem using gibberellin to promote germination is slender after emergence, and can be sprayed for a long time or short and strong according to the instructions to make it stout. After finishing the seedlings, 15 kg of urea per mu and 30 kg of 0.3% potassium dihydrogen phosphate solution were sprayed. Since then, diligently hoe and exterminate wasteland, actively control underground pests and ensure the prosperity of the whole seedling.

Pest control

In the production of licorice, ground tiger and golden needle worm are the most common pests, and powdery mildew is the most common disease, both of which are the main causes of yield reduction. The control methods have been mentioned before and emphasized here for attention. Other diseases and insect pests can be controlled symptomatically.

Harvest and processing

The Autumn Equinox can be harvested from the second year to the third year before spring germination. Dig along one end of the border, dig out the roots completely, dig out the rhizomes, cut off the stems and leaves, shake the soil and expose to the sun, dry and tie them into bundles for sale. The root and rhizome can also be tied up separately and sold separately. Licorice products are dry, free of impurities and powdery.