Brooding technique of laying hens

Different from broiler chickens, the main goal of raising laying hens is to improve egg quality and maintain or improve egg production, not to improve chicken quality. the quality of chick cultivation has a direct impact on the growth and development, survival rate, production performance, utilization value, and completion of production goals of young chickens, so we must do a good job in brooding. Let's take a look at the brooding technology.

Newborn chick selection

Choose a reputable chicken breeding farm and hatchery. A healthy chick has a strong physique, a feeling of fullness, elasticity, vivacity and bright eyes without secretions. The fluff is plump and neat, the pigment is bright, and the length is moderate. The yolk is well absorbed, the navel is locked clean and smooth, the feathers near the cloacal orifice are clean, there are no white feces, and the weight should not be too big or too small.

Suitable ambient temperature

The appropriate temperature is the first condition related to the success or failure of brooding. When the temperature is low, the chicks are afraid of cold, and the yolk is malabsorbed, which can easily induce white dysentery or even squeeze death. If the temperature is too high, the normal metabolism of chicks is suppressed, the appetite is decreased, the physique is weak, the growth is retarded, and it is easy to induce pecking. The initial temperature of brooding should be 33 ℃ ~ 35 ℃, and after 5 days, it should be reduced by 0.5 ℃ every day until 24 ℃. The younger the chick is, the higher the requirement for temperature stability is. The temperature difference between day and night should be less than 3 ℃ in the initial stage, and can be relaxed in the later stage, but it should not exceed 5 ℃. The temperature of strong chicks can be slightly lower, and the temperature of chickens with light weight and weak physique should be slightly increased.

Suitable environmental humidity

At the initial stage of brooding, because the chicks breathe quickly, if the air is too dry, it will affect the physiological activities, digestion and absorption of the body, and the environmental humidity should be controlled at about 70% to alleviate the dehydration and dehydration of chicks. Avoid the phenomenon of villi shedding and toe dryness caused by dehydration, so as to improve the survival rate. The improvement of humidity can rely on measures such as ground sprinkling, heating water to emit steam, spray disinfection and so on. With the growth of chicks, metabolism and exhaled water vapor, feces, sinks and other water evaporation, will increase humidity. High humidity, bacteria, coccidiosis are not easy to kill, increasing the chance of chicks infected with disease. Therefore, the humidity in the later stage of brooding should be controlled at about 50%. Methods such as ventilation and frequent removal of feces should be taken to reduce humidity.

Proper ventilation

Ventilation and heat preservation during the breeding period are a pair of contradictions. Especially in winter, we should not only ventilate, but also maintain a suitable temperature. In the early stage of brooding, heat preservation should be given priority to, with consideration of ventilation and ventilation. When the temperature is not high and needs ventilation, it is generally arranged at noon or afternoon, and each ventilation time should not be too long, to avoid sudden high and low temperature, generally using skylights.

Reasonable feeding density

The size of flock density should be adjusted according to the age, feeding mode, season and coop structure of chicks. At the beginning of brooding, it is appropriate to raise 40 and 50 birds per square meter of cage bottom area. With the increase of age, the density should decrease gradually. Weak chicks have poor physique, can not withstand crowding, and have low density. The density should also be reduced when the chicken house is poorly ventilated.

Reasonable control of light

In addition to ensuring that chicks can eat feed, light is mainly used to stimulate the physiological development of the body. With the increase of age, the lighting principle of brooding is not to increase the light intensity, but to gradually reduce the light time and weaken the light intensity. That is, 0-3 days old, 23-24 hours of light, 4 days of age to 20 weeks of age, natural light, 21 weeks of age, increased the light to 13 hours a day, and increased 1 hour per week to 16 hours a day from 22 weeks of age.

Scientific feeding and management

Raise chicks to drink first and then eat. When drinking for the first time, glucose and electrolytic multidimensional are added to promote intestinal peristalsis, yolk absorption, excretion of meconium, and appetite is conducive to eating. Starting food should be 3-4 hours after the first drink, and each feeding amount should be controlled at 20-30 minutes after feeding. The beak was cut off in time, the upper beak was cut off by 1pm 2, and the lower beak by 1pm 3, so as not to affect feeding and weight gain. Maintain a reasonable density and implement a full-in-all-out feeding method. Do a good job in environmental hygiene and disinfect in time. Establish scientific vaccination and drug prevention procedures.