Breeding techniques of free-range native chicken

The characteristic of free-range native chicken is grazing, so it is appropriate to choose native chicken or local hybrid chicken which is suitable for grazing and strong disease resistance. They are resistant to rough feeding and strong disease resistance. although the speed of sound expansion is slow and the feed reward is low, they have delicious meat, high price and high profit, so they should be the first choice for mountain breeding.

Construction of aquaculture shed

1. Site selection: the site selection of free-range native chickens should follow the following principles.

① is not only good for epidemic prevention, but also convenient for transportation.

The ② site should be located in a place with high quality, dryness and good drainage.

Shading equipment should be provided in the ③ site to prevent sunstroke or cold in the rain.

The ④ site should have water and power supply and be enclosed to prevent getting lost and bringing in germs. Shelter from the wind and the sun, a grassy slope with flat terrain and no stagnant water. It is better to have trees so that the chickens can enjoy the cool under the trees.

2. shed method: the requirements of the chicken house design are: ventilated, dry, warm in winter and cool in summer, and the seat should sit north to south. The general shed is 4-5 meters wide, 7-9 meters long, 1.7-1.8 meters high in the middle and 0.8-0.9 meters high on both sides. It is usually covered with three layers of linoleum, straw and film from the inside to the outside to provide waterproof and thermal insulation. Press the film linoleum with sand, brick and stone on both sides of the roof and at one end, and open an entrance and exit at the other end to facilitate the entry and exit of breeders and chickens. The main support of the shed is fastened in four directions with iron wire to prevent the outbreak of wind and rain from blowing the greenhouse over.

3, cleaning shed disinfection: after each batch of chickens are out of the pen, the chicken shed should be thoroughly cleaned, the surface soil on the ground should be replaced, and the cleaning tools should be used. The floor and appliances in the shed were first sprayed and disinfected with 3-5% Lysur aqueous solution, followed by fumigation, with 25 ml formalin and 12.5 grams of potassium permanganate per cubic meter of space. The grassy mountain slopes where chickens were originally raised should also be sprinkled with a layer of lime on the ground before spraying and disinfection. It is best to use pollution-free grassy slopes to build new sheds. Lay bedding grass. Some bedding is needed to keep warm. Bedding requires fresh no insult, soft, dry, strong water absorption of saw noodles, small shavings, straw, husks and so on, can be mixed. The cushion should be exposed before use, and the mildew bedding grass should be picked out. The thickness should be 3-5 cm.

Selection of feed for native chicken

Generally speaking, the growth rate of high-quality native chicken is slow, and the requirement of feed nutrition level is relatively low, but we can not only feed a single feed, so as not to cause nutrition deficiency, affect growth and development, and reduce the survival rate. High quality native chicken series full price granule or mixed feed should be selected. In addition, miscellaneous grains such as pumpkin, sweet potato and cassava grown in mountainous areas can be used to replace part of the mixture.

Chick feeding and management

The vocal development of chicks is characterized by poor thermoregulation, fast growth, imperfect digestive function, poor disease resistance, strong sensitivity, gregarious and timid. Therefore, the following points should be paid attention to in feeding and management:

1. Drink and eat. After entering the rearing room, the chicks can be fed with water after resting for half an hour to one hour. Generally speaking, water is fed first. The water temperature should be about 32 degrees, and you can't drink cold water. The dilute concentration of potassium permanganate solution can be drunk in the first 2 days, which is beneficial to anti-inflammation, sterilization and prevention of chicken white dysentery. After drinking water, chicks can quickly excrete meconium to stimulate appetite. Generally, you can eat after drinking. Sprinkle the open feed on the light-colored plastic sheet spread on the cushion and let the chicks eat freely. The digestibility of chicks is poor and must be fed with digestible and nutritious feed. Two days after the chick came out of its shell, the chick had a strong appetite. When feeding, it should be fixed and quantitative, and it is generally appropriate to feed 80% full. Oversatiety can cause indigestion; when insufficient, it will affect the growth and development of chicks, and even cause pecking addiction. It is appropriate to eat in 15-20 minutes at a time.

2. Ambient temperature and humidity. The key to brooding is to give the chicks the right temperature. Take the temperature under the sterilizer as an example: 34-35 degrees at 1-2 days old, 32-34 degrees at 3-7 days old, 30-28 degrees at the second week, and 28-26 degrees at the third week. Brooding drops 2 degrees a week in winter and spring, and 3 degrees a week in summer and autumn to 21 degrees. For the humidity requirements of chicks, the relative humidity was 70-75% in the first week, dropped to 60% in the second week, and remained at 55-60% as far as possible after the third week. Excessive humidity is conducive to the reproduction of pathogenic microorganisms and is easy to induce coccidiosis. Too low humidity and dryness will speed up the breathing of chicks, a large amount of water in the body will be distributed with breathing, and the remaining egg yolk in the abdomen will be malabsorbed, which will affect the development of chicks.

3. Pay attention to grouping and strengthen inspection. Strong and weak chicks and sick chicks should be raised in groups, and it is best to check that weak chicks are easily squeezed out when they are fed for the first time in the morning. The seriously ill chicks were eliminated immediately. Regular inspection of chickens has three implications:

① understands the palatability and feeding amount of feed through observation.

② can detect and diagnose diseases in time from the diet, activity and fecal condition of chicks.

③ discovers the unexpected situation in time, handles it in time, and reduces the loss.

Feeding and management of growing chickens

During the growing period, chickens grow fast, have a strong appetite, and their food intake continues to increase. The purpose of feeding is to make the chickens fully develop and lay the foundation for fattening in the later stage.

The main results are as follows: 1. The feeding mode is grazing combined with supplementary feeding. Generally, we should pay attention to the following two points: Roosters and hens are raised in groups. In general, the feathers of chickens are diffuse and aggressive, with high utilization rate of protein and lysine, and high feed efficiency. Due to the difference of endocrine hormones, the weight gain of hens is slow and the feed efficiency is poor. The separation of male and female is beneficial to the improvement of uniformity. Use regular supplementary feeding during the growing period, put the feed in the trough or sprinkle it directly on the ground, once in the morning and evening, until finished.

2. Deworming. Generally, after 20-30 days of grazing, the first deworming is carried out, and the second deworming is carried out after an interval of 20-30 days. Mainly to dispel parasites in the body, such as Ascaris lumbricoides, tapeworms, etc. Paracetamol, levamisole or albendazole can be used. In the first time of deworming, each chicken was treated with Qusan Ling half tablet. For the second time of deworming, each chicken was treated with Qushuanling 1 tablet. The tablets can be directly taken orally or ground into powder in the evening, and then mixed well with the feed for feeding. Be sure to mix the medicine and feed evenly, otherwise it is easy to produce drug poisoning. The next morning, chicken droppings should be checked to see if any worms are excreted. And clean up the chicken droppings to prevent the insectivorous bodies of chickens. If adults are found in chicken droppings, the same amount of deworming can be given the next night.

Feeding and management of fattening chickens

The fattening period is the period from the age of 10 weeks to the market. The key points of feeding in this period are to promote the deposition of fat in chickens, increase the fatness of broilers, improve the smoothness of meat quality and feathers, and achieve timely listing. Attention should be paid to the following three points in feeding and management:

The main results are as follows: 1. With the increase of the age of broilers, the main tissues of Tine growth are very different from those of middle chickens. The deposition of moderate fat in broilers can improve the meat quality and enhance the beauty of carcass appearance. During this period, the metabolic energy of the diet should be increased and the protein content should be reduced relatively. During the fattening period, the energy of broilers is generally required to reach 12.54 megajoules per kilogram, and the crude protein is about 15%. In order to reach this level, it is often necessary to increase animal fat.

2. Grazing and fattening during the fattening period, on the one hand, it can make chickens feed on natural insects, leaves and weeds; on the other hand, it can improve the meat flavor of chickens and make the appearance and meat quality of listed chickens better. In the fattening period, the range of activities and exercise of chickens should be reduced to facilitate fattening.

3. Do a good job in epidemic prevention and attach importance to insecticidal, rodent control and cleaning and disinfection. To prevent disease.