Free raising technique of Chai Chicken in Orchard

Chai chicken and eggs have been favored by people. Chai eggs have relatively comprehensive and balanced nutrition, which are mainly rich in protein, vitamins and inorganic salts. Almost all the nutrients needed by the human body are easy to digest and absorb, and they are delicious and delicious. It is an ideal pure natural green food. When raising firewood chicken in the orchard, the growth of forage grass in the orchard is exuberant, the insect feed is rich, and there are many residues of by-products in the orchard, which can be well used by the firewood chicken, so that the firewood chicken can feed on insects and grass in the orchard and feed some corn, rice and other fine fodder properly. it not only ensures the high quality and high nutrition of free-raised firewood eggs, but also ensures the pure nature of free-raised chickens, but also prevents apple diseases and removes weeds under fruit trees.

Establishment of Chai Chicken House in Orchard

1. The location of the chicken house: the chicken house should be built in a place that is pollution-free, far away from villages and trunk roads, leeward to the sun, dry terrain, and should meet the conditions for animal epidemic prevention.

2. Shed construction: brick and wood structure is adopted, with a height of 3 ~ 3.5 meters; the floor and wall are cement smooth, which is easy to disinfect; the roof can be made of mud tile or asbestos tile structure, which requires heat preservation; drains are dug around the chicken house; the lighting and feeding equipment in the house are complete. The area is determined according to the orchard size and feeding scale, but the feeding scale is not too large, 1000 ~ 2000 is suitable.

3. Construction around the farm: according to the size of the orchard and the scale of feeding, a fence is made of barbed wire or bamboo fence, which is about 2 meters high and the pore size in the net is moderate, so as to prevent firewood chickens or other animals from passing through.

Selection of breeds of free-range Chai chicken

The breeds of Chai chicken should have good egg and meat quality, resistance to coarse food, strong disease resistance and suitable for stocking. You can choose rural and local native chickens, or you can choose excellent breeds that have been improved locally, such as Sanhuang Chicken, Ma Chicken and so on.

Management of Chai Chicken in brooding stage

The choice of brooding time ecological free-range breeding firewood chicken is very seasonal, generally from March to April. At this stage, the temperature of the chicks is easy to control, the chicks grow faster and the survival rate is high; entering the breeding stage is in late spring and early summer, and the by-products of green plants, insects and orchards are rich, which can provide high-quality feed for firewood chickens; firewood chickens start production in autumn, the temperature is suitable, and reach the peak of egg production before and after the Mid-Autumn Festival and National Day, followed by New Year's Day and the Spring Festival, the demand increases, at the same time, the sales price of eliminated chickens is also higher.

The feeding and management of brooding during the brooding period generally adopts the way of flat breeding on the ground or on the Internet. Strictly control the temperature and moderation of brooding, and the appropriate temperature is the key to the success or failure of brooding. The optimum temperatures of chicks at each stage were 33 ℃ ~ 35 ℃ from 1 day to 3 days, 31 ℃ ~ 33 ℃ from 4 days to 7 days, 28 ℃ ~ 30 ℃ at the second week, and then decreased by 3 ℃ per week to 21 ℃. Humidity requirements: the relative humidity is 65% 70% at the first week, about 60% at the second week, and 55% at 60% after the third week. Excessive humidity is conducive to the reproduction of pathogenic microorganisms and is easy to induce coccidiosis; too low humidity, dry chicken coop, faster breathing of chicks, large amount of water in the body with breathing, malabsorption of residual egg yolk in the abdomen, affecting the development of chicks. Properly ventilate and keep the air in the nursery fresh. Drink and eat at the right time, drink 30 ℃ ~ 32 ℃ of lukewarm water in the first 10 days, add 5% glucose and electrolytic multi-dimensional to the water, drink tap water at room temperature later, feed full price with brood granules, add appropriate amount of antibiotics to the feed in the first 5 days to prevent white dysentery, feed less and eat more, and eat freely. The beak was cut off from 7 days old to 10 days old to prevent the firewood chicken from pecking feathers and anus.

Management of the breeding period

Grazing training in the late stage of brooding, that is, after the temperature (usually after 5 weeks old), the firewood chickens are led out of the henhouse every morning and trained to look for food outside the house. Two people are required to cooperate. One blows whistles or knocks on the basin to open the way and scatters feed for the chickens to rob, while the other drives away at the back until all the firewood chickens are given up. In order to enhance the effect, you can whistle outside the house at noon every day. The breeder should insist on driving out the firewood chickens returned in advance in the henhouse in time, and control the activity range of the flock, and then use the same method to discipline them in the evening. In this way, for 5 to 7 days in a row, the chickens formed a conditioned reflex of "whistling or knocking on the basin-feeding", and then just whistled or knocked on the basin to summon. Form the habit of early grazing and late harvest, which is easy to manage.

During grazing period, appropriate supplementary feeding should be made according to the specific grazing and feeding conditions of firewood chickens, so as to improve the growth rate and evenness of firewood chickens. Supplementary feeding time is best after returning to the house in the evening, mainly corn, wheat, rice, soybean meal and so on.

Correct the uniformity in time, weigh regularly, divide into groups in time, and determine the supplementary feeding amount at night according to the different body weight and the ratio of male to female. Weak Roosters can be raised alone or eliminated.

Timely feathered Chai chicken has a strong ability to find food, a wide range of activities, like to fly high habitat, pecking skin and broken leaves, seriously affecting the growth of fruit trees and the quality of fruit. After the main feather on the wing is cut off from the root, the flying ability of the firewood chicken is reduced, which avoids perching on the tree, which is not only easy to manage, but also does not affect the fruit quality.

Management of laying period

The preparation of the laying box is nailed into a double-layer five-sided airtight laying box with an opening on one side. Each laying box decides the number of independent egg nests according to the material, and the opening should be moderate in size, so that the laying hens can enter and leave freely. Cover the egg nest with a proper amount of soft straw. The egg box should be placed in a quiet and sheltered place, and measures should be taken to prevent snakes and other animals from escaping into the egg box.

Proper supplementary feeding should be supplemented with concentrate, vitamins, trace elements and shell powder during the laying period in order to meet the nutritional needs of laying hens. The concentrate of supplementary feeding should be mainly corn, wheat, rice and soybean meal, and the full price feed of laying hens should not be fed, and the supplementary feeding amount should be 60% of that of home feeding. Otherwise, it not only increases the cost, reduces the quality of eggs, but also affects the wild foraging ability of firewood chickens, loses the significance of raising firewood chickens, and reduces the market competitiveness of the products.

The reasonable light-replenishing firewood chicken began to increase the light time and intensity gradually when it was raised to the age of 15 weeks. after the firewood chicken returned in the evening, the light was manually turned on for half an hour per week, until the sum of light with natural light was 16.5 hours and the light intensity was 10 lux. The ordinary 60-watt incandescent lamp is evenly distributed in the chicken house, with a height of about 1.5 meters ~ 2 meters from the back of the chicken. The light bulb should be cleaned frequently, be replaced in time if it is damaged, switch the light on and off regularly, and never change the intensity, color and length of the light at will.

Pick up eggs in time and regularly pick up the eggs laid by firewood chickens every day to prevent mechanical damage between eggs and eggs in the nest and to be eaten by other animals or by themselves.

Epidemic prevention management of free-raised firewood chickens in orchard

1. Do a good job of vaccination according to the procedure: the immunization of laying hens should be carried out in a standardized manner according to the immunization procedure designated by the local veterinary technical department, and must be immunized or missed according to the procedure. In particular, it is necessary to do a good job in immunization against avian influenza, Newcastle disease, infectious bursitis, fowlpox and egg drop syndrome.

2. Regular disinfection: low-toxic, efficient and environmentally friendly disinfectants should be used for regular spray disinfection in chicken sheds and grazing environments, 2 ~ 3 times a week in enclosures and once a week in grazing grounds. In particular, it is necessary to do a good job in the disinfection of chicken sheds and appliances before brooding, and strictly grasp the links of cleaning, spraying, fumigation and so on.

3. Regular deworming: high temperature in summer, hot and humid, Chai chicken grazing for a long time, it is easy to be infected with parasitic diseases, especially coccidiosis, so it is very important to feed anti-coccidiosis drugs regularly. Timely give 0.2% trichlorfon medicine bath to the firewood chicken to effectively dispel the external parasites of the firewood chicken.

4. Prevention of pesticide poisoning: when spraying pesticides for fruit trees, insecticidal and germicidal pesticides with low toxicity and high efficiency or low concentration and low toxicity should be used as far as possible, or limited area grazing should be carried out, or forbidden for one week, so as to avoid pesticide poisoning in chickens.

5. Clean up feces and other dirt in time: clean up the feces in the chicken coop every day, transport the feces outside the field to accumulate and ferment and bury them under the fruit trees; carefully observe the feces when cleaning the feces every day, and judge the health status of chickens and what kind of diseases they suffer from through the changes of feces. Clean up the sewage from the pasture in time, especially after the rain, Rain Water should be removed in time to prevent firewood chickens from causing disease after drinking.

6. observe carefully and understand the flock situation in time: carefully observe the flock condition every morning and evening, and find that no food, standing still and individual sick and dead chickens should be examined, and combined with clinical symptoms, correct diagnosis should be made, and timely symptomatic medication should be used for prevention and treatment; regularly check the condition of the fences in the pasture, and timely repair the damaged places to prevent the invasion of fleeing chickens and exotic animals.

7. harmless treatment of sick and dead chickens in time: after autopsy and diagnosis, sick and dead chickens should be buried deep under the fruit trees far away from the breeding area, not only harmless treatment of sick and dead chickens, but also added fertilizer for fruit trees.