Prevention and control techniques of fowlpox

Fowlpox is a highly contagious venereal disease, which is easy to spread in autumn and winter, especially in humid environment, there are more mosquitoes, which will accelerate the transmission of the disease. Chickens get the disease, and the consequences are very serious, directly affecting the carcass quality and death of broilers. If the number of diseases is large, or slaughtered, or purchased at half price, farmers suffer heavy losses. August-November is the prone period of fowlpox every year. Now there are more of this disease, please pay close attention to it, give priority to prevention, and it is very difficult to treat the whole group after falling ill.

Performance characteristics of fowlpox

The route of transmission of fowlpox virus is mainly through wounds in the skin or mucous membrane. In some cases, broken beak can also become the cause of fowlpox. Some blood-sucking insects, especially mosquitoes, can transmit the virus. It is an important transmission vector of fowlpox epidemic in autumn, and mosquitoes can carry the virus for 10 to 30 days.

The incubation period of fowlpox is about 4-10 days. According to the symptoms and lesions, it can be divided into skin type and diphtheria type. Skin type is easy to occur in autumn, diphtheria type is more in winter, and there are mixed cases.

Skin-type fowlpox lesions occur in hairless and less hairy areas, such as chicken crown, drooping, face, nostrils and eye circumference, resulting in a verrucous acne.

The diseased chicken initially produced a small gray-white nodule on the skin, which enlarged rapidly and appeared yellow, fused with the adjacent nodules to form a large dry, rough, brown scab protruding on the surface of the skin. If the knot is peeled off, a bleeding focus will be exposed on the skin. The number of scabs varies, and sometimes it can cover the whole hairless part of the chicken head. Scab can exist for as long as 4 weeks, and then gradually fall off, leaving a smooth gray-white scar. Skin-type fowlpox generally has no systemic symptoms, but in severely diseased chickens (especially young chickens), it can be seen that mental malaise, loss of appetite, and even death. If acne grows on the eyes, the eyes will shed tears, fear of light, eyelid adhesion and even blindness.

Diphtheria fowlpox lesions occur in the mucosa of the mouth, throat and trachea. First, a small yellow-white nodule is formed on the mucous membrane, and then the small nodule expands rapidly and merges with each other, forming a yellow-white cheese-like pseudomembrane that covers the mucosal surface, so it is called chicken diphtheria. If the false membrane is torn off, a red hemorrhagic ulcer lesion will be exposed below. Diseased chickens have difficulties in breathing and swallowing movement, and they often breathe with open mouths. due to feeding difficulties, weight loss and poor growth of the whole body, individual chickens will suffocate to death because of dyspnea.

The diagnosis is relatively simple, according to the scab lesions in the crown, meat beard and other hairless parts of the diseased chicken, as well as the diphtheria-like pseudomembrane in the mouth and throat.

Preventive measures of fowlpox

The most reliable way to prevent fowlpox is to be vaccinated. At present, the fowlpox vaccine is safe and effective, and it is suitable for chicks and chickens of different ages. (1000 feathers plus 3-5ml saline) the vaccine was dipped with a thorn needle and planted under the inner skin of the chicken wing. (the chicken wing has the thinnest triangle with only a thin layer of skin. Just stab the chicken pox in that place) once for each chicken. Broilers can vaccinate their chicks against Newcastle disease while vaccinating them against fowlpox.

Usually vaccination site on the 4th day after the emergence of swollen acne rash, the 9th day to form acne spots, otherwise, immune failure, must be re-vaccinated. Laying hens are generally planted once at about 25 days old and 80 days old, which can achieve good preventive effect. In the vaccination work, we should pay attention to the following points:

① vaccination must be used in healthy chickens

All chickens were immunized with ② on the same day. If it is used for emergency vaccination, it should start from the flock farthest from the infected flock to the diseased flock.

Shake well when using the vaccine for ③ and use it all at once.

The immunization of chicks with ④ in autumn or summer and autumn should be advanced to 15 days, and other seasons can be postponed to 30 / 40 days (except broilers).

⑤ immunization should be staggered with the beak for more than 3 days, otherwise it is easy to induce the disease.

After the ⑥ work is completed, disinfect your hands and dispose of (burn or boil) the residue.

Treatment of fowlpox

Large groups of chickens were mixed with morpholine guanidine according to the amount of 1/1000 for 3 ~ 5 days. in order to prevent secondary infection (mainly staphylococcal infection after fowlpox), the second generation of phosphorus should be added at the same time, and the effect of fowlpox powder was better.

Chicken pox powder formula: gentian 90 grams, Banlangen 60 grams, cohosh 50 grams, wild chrysanthemum 80 grams, licorice 20 grams, the above traditional Chinese medicine into powder, every day into 2 grams of chicken, evenly mixed, divided into afternoon concentrated feeding, continuous use for 3 ~ 5 days.

Chickens with acne spots growing on the eyelids, causing eyelid adhesion and tears in the eyes can be treated individually by injection, including penicillin (400000 units), streptomycin (100000 units), ribavirin (one), SMS (one), and intramuscular injection. 10 chickens under 40 days old and 5-7 chickens over 40 days old are injected. Generally continuous injection 3-5 times, can be cured.

Chicken infected with fowlpox, if only tears in the eyes, head and neck hair, sick chicken mental state is not reduced, there is the phenomenon of anorexia, green feces. For this type, use the following formula:

The mixture of alum 40g, Fritillaria thunbergii 55g, Coptis chinensis 55g, Angelica dahurica 40g, turmeric 45g, Scutellaria baicalensis 45g, rhubarb 45g, Fructus Glycyrrhizae 30g, Glycyrrhiza uralensis 45g and morpholine biguanidine 1000g were fed continuously for 5 days. The function of this side is heat-clearing and detoxification, strengthening the body and relieving the table. It mainly treats skin type and mixed fowlpox and staphylococcal mixed infection.