Breeding Technology of Native Chicken under Forest

The farming of native chickens under the forest is an ecological cycle industry that has sprung up in recent years, which mainly uses natural ecological resources such as woodland and orchards to breed in the way of grazing and raising. The forest provides a good and suitable environment for native chickens to grow. In turn, chickens can peck at woodland pests, and chicken manure can provide high-quality organic fertilizer for trees. The farming of native chickens under the forest not only solves the employment problem of rural surplus labor force, but also increases the income of local farmers, and realizes the high unity of economic, social and ecological benefits.

Advantages of farming native chickens under the forest

1. Killing weeds and repelling insects: chickens have the habit of feeding on grass and grass seeds, and have a certain effect on the control and inhibition of weeds. According to the experiment, 20 chickens / 700 square meters are released in the trees, and the weeds are only about 20% of those in the control trees. The number of chickens increases, and the weeds are even less. Chickens looking for natural bait in the orchard can eat most of the pests on the tree ground and in the grass, such as insects, ants, earthworms and so on, so as to reduce the harm of pests to trees. Improve the yield and quality of fruit.

2. Provide fertilizer: chicken manure contains nitrogen, phosphorus, potassium and other elements needed for the growth of fruit trees and trees. According to the analysis, the amount of nitrogen, phosphorus and potassium discharged by a chicken in a year contains 900 grams of nitrogen, 850 grams of phosphorus and 450 grams of potassium, which is equivalent to the application of 18 kilograms of nitrogen fertilizer, 17 kilograms of phosphorus fertilizer and 9 kilograms of potassium fertilizer per 700 square meters in the mountain forest, which not only improves soil fertility, promotes forest growth, saves fertilizer, but also reduces investment.

3. Strengthen the physique: raising chickens under the forest, the air is fresh, the water source is clean, and the environment is comfortable, which is conducive to the growth and development of chickens and reduce the occurrence of diseases. Raising chickens under the forest is far away from the cottage, which can avoid and reduce the mutual transmission of diseases.

Preparation for raising native chickens under the forest

1. Woodland selection: woodland is required to be spacious and open, with a slope of 5 °to 30 °, lush grass sources, far away from villages and convenient transportation. The breeding area of hens is about 40 ~ 50 / 700 square meters, and that of cocks is about 50 ~ 100 / 700 square meters.

2. Chicken house construction: the chicken house construction should be close to the grazing ground, keeping it at about 200 meters. Try to build a chicken house for a flock of chickens and a chicken house close to a pasture. The construction area of the chicken house should be about 200square meters, which is guaranteed to store 1500 ~ 2000 chickens. A perch should be built inside the henhouse, a 3-meter-high mobile board house should be built in the brooding house, and egg nests or egg boxes should be built in the hen house.

3. Chicken breed selection: chicken breeds should be selected with improved breeds containing 75% local chicken consanguinity. The farming of native chickens under the forest is generally mainly raised by cockers. if you want to buy hens, you should raise the two separately, and remember that they are mixed with females. The breeding period of cocks is about half a year, and that of hens is more than half a year.

Breeding technology of native chicken under forest

1. Brooding technology

① disinfection: clean the floor of the brooding house a week before brooding, and thoroughly disinfect the brooding house with parathion or caustic soda.

② diet: three hours after the chick enters the henhouse, the chick begins to eat, feeding 6 ~ 8 times a day. After two weeks, reduce it to 3 times a day, and make sure you finish it every day.

③ density: the density of chicks within 2 weeks of age should be kept at 50 ~ 70 / m2. At the age of 3 ~ 5 weeks, the density should be controlled at 30 / m2, which can be adjusted according to season and climate.

④ heat preservation off, after the chicks enter the henhouse, the temperature of the henhouse should be strictly controlled to avoid the temperature rising and falling.

⑤ lighting off, in 3-day-old chicks to ensure 24 hours of light, which is conducive to the rapid growth of chicks and improve the survival rate. Light should be guaranteed for 18 hours per day within 7 days of age. Natural light can be used after a week.

2. Daily management

The best grazing period for ① is from April to October, when Cordyceps sinensis is luxuriant and can eat enough natural feed.

② was timely transferred to the greenhouse for breeding, and the chicks began to be raised in the greenhouse when the chicks were raised for about 30 days, that is, when the weight was about 0.4kg. At the beginning, it is suitable for wild grazing, the time at the beginning of grazing is shorter, and then gradually extended, the scope is also from near to far, gradually expand the scope, so that chickens adapt to stocking.

③ reasonable food regulation, feeding during the stocking period is also very important, to adhere to the "early less, late appropriate amount" principle. In other words, its foraging ability is limited in the early stage, so it is necessary to add an appropriate amount of supplement to the feed to facilitate its growth. When it begins to get used to grazing and raising, taking into account the quality of the chicken itself, as long as the right amount of feed on it.

④ should pay attention to building some simple shade shelters and placing water fountains at the same time. The purpose is to help chickens to shade, rest, drink water and so on under high temperature, storm and other bad weather conditions, so as to reduce the loss caused by accidents to chickens.

⑤ should strictly control the range of stocking, the density should not be too large, and the stocking area can be separated by screen. During the grazing period, the frequency of inspection should be strengthened to avoid the escape of chickens, which can effectively improve the utilization rate of feed.

4. Nutrition configuration: in the chicken stage, because its growth rate is relatively fast and is closely related to the later growth, it is necessary to fill in timely and supply full-price broiler feed. In the later stage, with the conversion to grazing, the number of feeding should be reduced, from three to one.

5. Pecking habit prevention: the local chicken can choose to cut off its beak when it is 20 days old to 25 days old. The method is to cut off the upper beak to cut off the tip of the beak, and the lower beak to cut off the sharp end of the beak tip, which can effectively prevent the occurrence of beak fetish. Once it is found that there is a serious habit of beak, the beak can be trimmed twice.