What are the common egg duck breeds?

Female ducks are called laying ducks from the beginning of laying eggs to the end of elimination. In general, the utilization period of egg-type female ducks is about 350 days, which is called the first laying year, and some are reused in the second or third year after molting, but their production performance decreases year by year and should not be retained. Common egg duck breeds are: Jinding duck, Shaoxing duck and Gaoyou duck.

Jinding duck

Jinding duck is an egg duck breed, which is a traditional poultry breed in Fujian. This kind of egg-laying duck is mainly produced in Zinixiang, Dinghai County, which has the name of Jinding, which has a history of raising ducks for more than 200 years, hence its name. Jinding duck is a kind of sesame duck, also known as mallard duck, South China duck.

1. Appearance features: male ducks have shiny head and neck feathers, brown back, reddish brown chest, gray-white abdomen, black-brown main tail feathers, black and slightly warped sexual feathers, yellowish green beak, neck, webbed orange, and black claws. The female duck is covered with reddish brown sparrow feathers, with black spots of different sizes, the back feathers are gradually deepened from front to back, the abdominal feathers are lighter, the neck feathers are spotless, the wing feathers are dark brown, there are mirror feathers, beak bluish black, shins, webbed orange, claws black.

2. Production performance: the weight of adult male duck is 1.76kg and that of female duck is 1.78kg. The female duck begins to lay at the age of 110 ~ 120 days and lays 280 eggs a year. Under the condition of house feeding, it can lay 300 eggs a year and the egg weight is 72 grams. The eggshell is mainly cyan, accounting for more than 95%. The male-female ratio is 1:25, the fertilization rate is 90%, and the hatching rate is 85%-92%. The survival rate of brooding is 98%, the survival rate of breeding is 99%, the birth weight is 45.5 grams, and the weight of 28-day-old chicks is 0.7 kg. The feed consumption ratio of ducklings was 1.9 ∶ 1, and the feed egg ratio of laying period was 3.4 ∶ 1.

3. Characteristics: Jinding duck has the characteristics of many eggs, large eggs, blue eggshell, strong foraging ability, high feed conversion rate and heat resistance and cold resistance. Jinding duck has intelligent temperament, strong physique, agile walking, strong foraging ability, well-developed tail fat gland and strong moisture-proof feather. it is suitable for beach grazing and grazing in rivers, ponds, rice fields and plains, and can also be raised in houses. Jinding duck crossbred with other kinds of ducks, the commercial ducks obtained not only have strong vitality and high survival rate, but also produce eggs, meat and feed.

Shaoxing duck

Shaoxing duck, also known as Shaoxing duck for short, is an excellent egg-type small sesame duck breed in China. After long-term purification, rejuvenation and pure line breeding, two strains were formed, namely, white wingtip with loop (WH) and red and green wingtip (RE). At present, it has been raised in many parts of the country. Shao duck has the characteristics of high egg production, high feed utilization rate, good cross utilization effect and strong adaptability to many kinds of environment.

1. Appearance features

The female WH duck is based on light brown sparrow feathers, with a white feather ring 2cm wide in the middle of the neck, white feathers on the main wing, belly and buttocks, beak, shins, webbed orange, iridescent grayish blue, yellow skin; male duck feathers are dark green in the upper part of the head, neck and tail, with a small amount of mirror feathers, and others are the same as the female duck. The down feathers of the ducklings are yellowish and the shell weighs 40 grams.

RE female duck has brown and freckled feathers all over her body, brown in chest and abdomen, dark green in mirror feathers, glossy, beak grayish yellow, beak black, iridescent stone color, light yellow skin, webbed orange. Most of the male duck feathers are maroon, beak yellow with cyan, the upper head and neck, mirror feathers and tail feathers are dark green, full of luster. The down feathers of ducklings are soft and dark yellow, with blackhead stars, black line ridges and black tails. It weighs 42 grams out of the shell.

2. Production performance

WH line saw that the egg age was 97 days, the first laying day was 132days, the laying rate was 178days, the laying rate was 215days, the total egg weight was 21.07kg, the egg weight was 69kg, the feed-egg ratio during laying period was 2.6V1, and the survival rate during laying period was 97%.

The RE line saw that the egg age was 104d, the first laying age was 134d, the laying rate was 197d, the laying rate was 180 days, the total egg weight was 20.36kg, the egg weight was 72kg, the feed-egg ratio during laying period was 2.64V1, and the survival rate during laying period was 92%.

There was no significant difference in reproductive performance between WH line and RE line. The male-female ratio was 1: 15: 25, the fertilization rate was 90%, the hatching rate of fertilized eggs was 85%, and the survival rate from shell to 4-week-old was 95%. The male and female of the ducklings are identified as soon as they come out of their shell, male and female are divided into groups, the male duck is 60-70 days old, the weight is about 1 000 to 1 200 grams, the vegetable duck is supplied to the market, and the semi-eviscerated rate of slaughtering is 83%.

Gaoyou duck

Gaoyou duck, also known as Gaoyou duck, originated in Gaoyou, Jiangsu Province, is a famous large-scale meat and egg duck breed in China. Gaoyou duck is an improved breed in Jianghuai area of China and is one of the three famous ducks in China. The duck is good at diving, resistant to rough feeding, strong adaptability, large egg head, good egg quality, and is famous for producing double yolk. Gaoyou duck egg is a fine food with excellent taste. It has the characteristics of fresh, fine, red, oil, tender and sand, with egg yolk as red as cinnabar and egg white as jade.

1. Appearance features: Gaoyou duck has brown feathers and small black spots, such as sparrow feathers; main wing feathers are blue-black; beak beans are black; iridescent dark brown; shins, webbed grayish brown, claws black. The male duck is large, with a wide back and shoulders, a deep chest and a rectangular body. The upper part of the head and neck feathers are dark peacock green, the back, waist and chest are brown Reed hair, the buttocks are black, and the abdomen is white. The beak is bluish green, the toe web is orange, and the claws are black.

2. Production performance: the weight of adult male duck is 3-4 kg, and that of female duck is 2.5-3 kg. The ducklings weigh 2.5 kilograms at the age of 2 months. The female duck begins to lay at the age of 180 ~ 210 days. It lays about 169 eggs a year. The eggs weigh 70g and 80g. The eggshell is white or green. Under grazing conditions, the body weight can reach 1.5 kg at the age of 70 days. Using formula feed, the average body weight at the age of 50 days was 1.78 kg. Gaoyou duck is resistant to coarse and miscellaneous food, strong foraging power, suitable for grazing and feeding, rapid growth and development, easy to fertilize and good meat quality.