Efficient Feeding and Management Technology of Wild Duck

Wild duck is a typical representative of waterfowl, and wild duck is the common name of mallard in the northern hemisphere. Wild duck belongs to bird class, goose-shaped order, duck family; its number is very large, is the popular name of many kinds of wild ducks, there are more than ten species. Wild ducks can make long-distance migration flights, with the highest speed reaching 110km per hour. In a narrow sense, wild duck refers to mallard duck, alias big green head, big red leg duck, hemp duck and so on. It is the most common large wild duck, the ancestor of all domestic ducks except Muscovy duck, and the main object of artificial domestication at present.

Yard building

1. Site selection: the wild duck house should be built in barren mountains and woodlands that are far away from residential areas, high terrain, leeward to the sun, flat land, easy to prevent animal pests and conducive to the control of epidemic disease.

2. Building a shed: the duck house is made of bamboo and wood into a "human" shaped bar frame, with water eaves 1 and 5 m high on both sides, covered with thatch to keep warm in winter and cool in summer. The size and length of the duck house depends on the number of ducks raised, usually 810 ducks per thousand square meters. At the same time, a shed was built in the barren mountain woodland for ducks to protect themselves from wind and rain and to store feed. In addition, there should be a large enough activity place, recommended to plant more trees, dig ditches and pools in the activity site, and cultivate algae in the water.

3. Purse seine Skynet: the whole activity place is closed, the height of the big net is about 2m from the water surface, and the purse seine is added to the bottom of the water to form a closed body with Skynet to prevent wild ducks from flying. The mesh size is 3cm × 3cm.

Variety selection

At present, the mallard duck is the most suitable for raising wild ducks, which is an artificially domesticated breed, its size is fat, it is generally raised to 80 days old, and its body weight reaches the meat standard of 1 and 4kg. The mother duck begins to lay eggs when she is more than 5 months old, laying nearly 200 eggs a year. The taste of meat and eggs is more delicious than that of natural wild ducks in the lake area. in particular, the meat is not as smelly as domestic ducks, so it is deeply loved by people.

Feed preparation

The nutritional requirements of wild ducks are basically the same as those of domestic ducks. in general, they can be fed with special formula feed for domestic ducks. if you make your own feed, you can refer to the following formula:

1. Ducklings: corn 47, 3%, wheat 15%, wheat bran 10%, cottonseed cake 22%, fish meal 4%, shell meal 1, 5%, salt 0, 2%.

2. Adult ducks: corn 40, 8%, wheat 14, 5%, rice bran 17, 5%, rice 8%, cottonseed cake 14%, fish meal 4%, bone meal 1%, salt 0, 2%.

3. Egg duck: 35% corn before laying, 15% rice bran, 36% rice, 8% rice, 10% cottonseed cake, 2% wood flour, 1% bone meal, 0, 2% salt. During the laying period, 24% of corn, 7% of rice bran, 37% of rice, 21% of cottonseed cake, 5% of fish meal, 3% of bone meal, 2% of shell meal, 7% of salt.

Feeding and management

1, ducklings (1 ~ 30 days old): generally raise chicks on the flat floor in the house, the ground should be covered with soft straw and divided into small columns, each column is about 2 square meters, one thermal insulation lamp is installed in each column, and 70 chickens are kept in each column at the age of 7 days. Pay attention to the appropriate temperature: 2729 ℃ at 1-3 days, 25-26 ℃ at 4-6 days, 24-25 ℃ at 7-10 days, and 17-19 ℃ after 10 days. As ducklings like to gather together when they sleep, in order to prevent them from crushing and suffocating ducklings, they should be on duty day and night, gently fiddling with the pile with their hands every 1 hour. When eating, drink water before feeding, and add an appropriate amount of compound vitamin B preparation to the drinking water. Prepare enough clean water for wild ducks to drink freely. The times of feeding are generally 7 times a day within 10 days of age, and 4-5 times a day after 10 days of age. Each time, while feeding compound feed, it is necessary to properly add chopped green grass, vegetable leaves and kelp powder as well as live animals such as small fish and shrimp, earthworms and so on. 7-15-day-old ducklings can choose to release water in shallow ditches on sunny days and in ponds after 15 days of age, so as to facilitate their healthy growth.

2. Adult ducks (31 ~ 80 days old): in order to make adult ducks grow rapidly, there should be unlimited supply of compound feed during the whole feeding period, free feeding and adequate clean drinking water. After 50 days of age, adult ducks begin to learn to fly due to increased body fat and physiological changes. at this time, they must strictly prevent escape, and breeders should wear plain clothes to prevent outsiders from entering the barn to disturb the ducks.

3. Egg ducks (after 80 days old): feed 2 or 3 times a day before laying eggs, feed less in the morning, let them move more in barren hills and woodlands, eat more natural feed, feed less or no at noon, and feed fully before entering the house in the evening. During the laying period, in order to make ducks lay more eggs and lay "game" eggs, they should not be fed every morning. They should move freely in barren hills and woodlands, eat natural feed, prepare enough water in the shed at noon, and drive the ducks back to the duck house and feed them before the sun goes down in the afternoon. During the laying period, some shallow nests should be built on the ground and covered with soft straw to facilitate the laying of eggs.

Epidemic disease control

Wild ducks have strong resistance to disease, but the flock of ducks is concentrated in artificial breeding, so the epidemic disease must be prevented and controlled carefully. Attenuated duck plague vaccine can be used to prevent duck plague. 1ml is injected intramuscularly at the age of 20 days: avian cholera vaccine is available to prevent duck cholera, and 2ml is injected into each animal at the age of 30-40 days. Usually, sulfamethazine or sulfathiazole can be mixed with feed at the ratio of 0,5% to 1%, fed for 3 to 5 days, and then fed after 10 days; it can also be used for epidemic prevention with 0, 01% potassium permanganate, and the effect is very good.