Control techniques of duck plague

Duck plague is an acute and high mortality infectious disease caused by duck plague virus, also known as duck viral enteritis, commonly known as "big head plague". Ducks of all ages are susceptible to infection, but the incidence of adult ducks is higher than that of ducklings. Diseased ducks are the main source of infection, the main route of infection is the digestive tract, and it can also be infected through mating, eye conjunctiva and respiratory mucosa.

Symptoms of duck plague

Sick ducks show poor spirit, loss of appetite or stop eating, increased thirst, like lying unwilling to move. At the beginning of the disease, the body temperature rises to more than 43 degrees. Tears, sticky feathers around the eyes, and even purulent secretions, adhesion of the eyelids. There are also secretions in the nasal cavity, and some of the ducks' head and neck are swollen. Diseased ducks have dysentery and discharge green or gray-white sparse feces.

Epidemic characteristics of duck plague

The main results are as follows: 1. Under natural conditions, the disease mainly occurs in ducks and is susceptible to ducks of different ages, genders and breeds. Muscovy duck and Ma duck are more susceptible, followed by Beijing duck. The incubation period of natural infection is usually 2-4 days, and ducklings within 30 days of age are less susceptible to the disease.

2. Ducklings are susceptible to artificial infection, while natural infections are more common in big ducks, especially egg-laying female ducks, which may be infected because big ducks are often stocked and have more opportunities to come into contact with pathogens. Geese can also be infected, but rarely become prevalent. Within 2 weeks of age, chicks can be artificially infected to cause disease. Wild ducks and geese can also get infected.

3. Duck plague can be transmitted directly through contact between diseased birds and susceptible birds, or indirectly through contact with polluted environment. Polluted water sources, duck houses, utensils, feed and drinking water are the main transmission vectors of the disease. Some wild waterfowl infected with the virus can become the natural source and vector of the disease, and arthropods (such as blood-sucking insects) may also be the transmission vector of the disease because of viremia. Transporting sick ducks can cause the epidemic to spread.

4. Duck plague can occur all the year round, but it is more serious in spring and autumn. When duck plague was introduced into susceptible ducks, sporadic diseased ducks began to appear in 3-7 days, and then a large number of diseased ducks appeared in 3-5 days. The whole epidemic process of ducks is usually 2-6 weeks. If there are immunized ducks or tolerated ducks in the flock, it can be extended to 2-3 months or more.

Control measures of duck plague

1. No specific medicine: at present, there is no specific drug for the treatment of duck plague, so prevention should be given priority to. In addition to biosafety measures, the use of live attenuated duck plague vaccine can effectively prevent the occurrence of the disease.

2. Introduction and breeding: it is strictly forbidden to introduce breeding ducks and duck seedlings from epidemic areas. Breeder ducks purchased from other places should be kept in isolation for more than 15 days and strictly quarantined before they can be raised in groups. Duck eggs laid by sick ducks and recovered ducks shall not be reserved as breeding eggs.

3. Immunization: laying ducks can be immunized for the first time at the age of 20 days, the dose is half-fold, and the immunity will be strengthened once after 2 months of age. The eggs were immunized for the third time before laying. Meat ducks can be immunized by subcutaneous injection of duck plague vaccine at the age of 1-7 days, and the immunity can be extended to the market. Breeder ducks were immunized once a year in spring and autumn, and each duck was injected intramuscularly with 1 ml duck plague attenuated vaccine or 0.5 ml duck plague high immune serum. Insist on injecting only one duck with a needle to avoid cross-infection. All sick ducks that have obvious symptoms will no longer be vaccinated and should be eliminated immediately.

4. Emergency treatment

When ① ducks get sick, healthy ducks or suspected infected ducks should be vaccinated with duck plague vaccine 3-4 times as much as possible.

In the treatment of diseased ducks, each duck was injected intramuscularly with duck plague high immune serum of Guohao Hi-Tech with 0.5ml of duck virus or 0.5ml of poly-myocyte, once every 3 days for 3 times for early treatment.

③ can also be mixed with morpholine guanidine hydrochloride soluble powder or enrofloxacin soluble powder mixed with water, twice a day for 3 to 5 days, but not for laying ducks. Meat ducks should be discontinued for 8 days before sale. All sick ducks are slaughtered and buried. At the same time, all items that may be exposed to sick ducks are thoroughly disinfected.