Prevention and treatment of common duck diseases

The common diseases in duck breeding are avian cholera, duck viral hepatitis, duck colibacillosis, duck plague and so on. Farmers should have a certain understanding of the prevention and control methods of these diseases.

Avian cholera

At present, avian cholera is mainly sporadic, but sometimes endemic. The failure of ducks often occurs in older ducks.

[features] the disease is acute and the death is quick.

[prevention]

The main results are as follows: (1) strengthen feeding management, reduce stress and avoid feeding moldy feed.

(2) there are many serotypes of avian cholera, and the vaccine prepared by local isolated strains is used for immune prevention.

Duck viral hepatitis

Duck viral hepatitis is an acute infectious disease of ducklings caused by duck hepatitis virus.

[characteristics] Duck viral hepatitis often occurs in ducklings within 4 weeks of age, and ducklings aged 5 to 15 days are the most susceptible to infection. Ducklings at the earliest 3 days old can get sick, and the younger the age is, the higher the mortality rate is, and the mortality rate of ducklings within 1 week of age can reach more than 95%.

[prevention]

The main results are as follows: (1) the immune prevention effect of duck viral hepatitis attenuated vaccine is good. Breeder ducks were immunized with attenuated vaccine for the first time one month before production, and then injected with 1 ml intramuscularly two weeks later, or duck hepatitis oil emulsion inactivated vaccine and attenuated vaccine were given at the same time 2 or 3 weeks before parturition. Ducklings without maternal antibody to duck hepatitis were subcutaneously injected with 50-fold diluted attenuated vaccine 0.1ml/ at 1 day old. Ducklings with maternal antibodies were injected with 50-fold diluted attenuated vaccine 0.2ml/ at the age of 7-10 days.

(2) the infected ducks should be treated with anti-duck hepatitis serum or high immune yolk antibody as soon as possible, and each duckling should be injected subcutaneously or intramuscularly according to 1 ml, at the same time, it should be properly treated with antibiotics to prevent secondary infection.

Duck colibacillosis

[symptoms] the main clinical symptoms and pathological changes of diseased ducklings were mental depression, loss of appetite and even waste food, yellow and white feces, and the characteristic lesions of coliform septicemia were pericarditis, pericarditis and pneumocystitis, and pericardial adhesion.

[prevention]

The main results are as follows: (1) there are many serotypes of Escherichia coli in ducks, so the inactivated vaccine prepared by local isolated strains is used for immune prevention.

(2) Escherichia coli is easy to produce drug resistance, and effective drugs are screened for treatment by drug sensitivity test.

Duck plague

Duck plague is an infectious disease caused by duck plague virus and often occurs in ducks after 20 days of age.

[symptoms] the diseased duck has elevated body temperature, dyspnea, tears, green dung, swelling of the head and neck of the diseased duck, so it is known as "big head plague".

[prevention]

The main results are as follows: (1) the injection of duck plague vaccine is the single most effective measure to control duck plague. Ducklings at the age of 7-10 days should be immunized with 0.5 ml intramuscularly; at the age of 25-30 days, the ducklings should be immunized with 1 ml intramuscularly, and the immunization period can be up to 6 months; egg ducks and breeder ducks should be immunized for the third time with 1 ml intramuscular injection before laying eggs. The immune period can be up to one year.

(2) at present, there is no specific treatment for duck plague. Once the disease occurs in ducks, emergency vaccination with 5-10 times of duck plague vaccine should be used immediately, and the epidemic situation can be basically controlled within 5 days of vaccination. It is effective to use anti-duck plague serum in the early stage of the disease.