Culture techniques of Shitou Goose

Preparation before brooding

Brooding is the most meticulous link in goose feeding and management. in order to achieve ideal results, it is very important to do a good job of preparation before brooding.

1. The size of the nursery room is designed according to the feeding scale. Generally, raising 15 to 20 chicks within 3 weeks requires an indoor area of 1 square meter (including passageways and working appliances). At the same time, it is required to be ventilated through operation.

2. Configure the heat preservation equipment. At present, there are two commonly used heat preservation methods, one is the self-temperature method, that is, using baskets to put goslings in them and adding bedding and other coverings to achieve the purpose of heat preservation, this method is more time-consuming and labor-consuming and can only be used for raising in small groups; the other is the artificial heating method, that is, the use of heat sources (such as pit fire, coal stove, infrared lamp, electric heating pipe or electric heating plate, etc.) to achieve the purpose of heat preservation. There are many methods of artificial heating. This paper introduces a practical method, that is, the method of keeping infrared light from the ground on the Internet. This method uses 14 lead wires to make a net of 1.7 cm × 1.7 cm. Each net is 140 cm long and 130 cm wide. The net is about 40 cm from the ground, and the iron fence on the four sides of the net is 35 cm high. The four sides are first surrounded by woven plastic cloth, and each fence is surrounded by a 250-watt infrared bulb.

3. The configuration of appliances: each net shall be equipped with 2 sinks (small chicken drinking fountain), 2 troughs (large chicken trough), two pieces of plastic sheet (50 cm × 50 cm), thick cloth or woven plastic cloth (thermal insulation) 2.2 meters long and 1.4 meters wide.

4. Disinfection: clean and disinfect immediately after matching (20 milliliters of formalin per cubic meter and 10 grams of potassium permanganate fumigation).

5. Plant some green fodder conditionally.

The equipment of large goslings house, water surface and playground in ⑥ can be configured as 2 ∶ 1 ∶ 1 according to the ratio of sports ground, water surface and indoor area.

Feeding and management technology

Generally, Shitou goose can be put on the market after 70 days. In order to achieve the best economic benefit, scientific methods must be adopted for feeding and management. The feeding and management of meat geese is usually divided into three stages, namely, 1 week to 3 weeks of age, 4 weeks to 8 weeks of age, and 9 weeks to 10 weeks of age, the main points of management of each stage are as follows:

1. The management of the nestling period: the newly hatched goslings have poor adaptability to the external environment, so it is necessary to ensure a suitable temperature and humidity environment so that the goslings can grow healthily. The management of this period will directly affect the brooding effect.

① grouping: by using the online feeding method, each net unit is divided into two compartments, and 25 goslings can be released in each compartment. From the second week, the middle fence is removed into a large column (a total of 50). From the third week, the density can be reduced appropriately depending on the outside weather conditions and the growth of the goslings. If the weather is good, another 5 ~ 10 goslings can be transferred to the spare column. At the same time, the indoor temperature can be gradually reduced, and the temperature is close to the outside temperature at the weekend. Generally, the temperature can be removed and transferred to the middle-aged house at the beginning of the fourth week.

② heat preservation and moisture prevention: the heat preservation method is to dispose of a 250W infrared light bulb 50cm above every two cubicles, and cover the infrared light and the whole column with prepared thick cloth or woven plastic cloth. The goslings should be preheated before entering the nursery, so that the temperature in the house should reach 30 ℃ ~ 32 ℃. Heat preservation and moisture prevention are a pair of contradictions in infancy. In order to solve this contradiction, the following measures must be taken:

First, adjust the appropriate density, too much density makes Gosling down easy to wet, prone to feather pecking addiction, too small density is not conducive to heat preservation.

Second, pay attention to the dynamic observation of goslings, such as uniform distribution, calm, indicating that the temperature is normal; if screaming loudly and restless, the temperature is too high; if the pile is crowded, a sharp and shrill cry is on the low side. If the temperature is on the low side, first check whether there is a thief in the nursery, and then check whether the heat source is insufficient or whether the cover is tight, and so on. If the temperature is on the high side, do not open all the door and window covers at once, otherwise it is easy to make the goslings catch cold. The correct way is to adjust the position of the heat source, and then lift part of the cover to adjust to the right temperature.

Third, keep the room dry, the drinking fountain must be laid flat so as not to overflow, the ground faeces should be cleaned frequently, and the ground can also be sprinkled with cushions (such as dry river sand, sawdust, etc.) to facilitate moisture absorption. From the second week, when it is sunny at noon every day, open some doors and windows to remove indoor humidity and hydrogen sulfide and other harmful gases. If there are conditions, you can set up a buffer space in the brooding greenhouse, the effect is better.

2. The management of the middle and young stage: after getting rid of the temperature, the goslings enter the middle stage and transfer the goslings from the Internet to the ground (the middle nestling house). The geese in this period can basically adapt to the external climate, but they should still pay attention to heat preservation when the weather is colder. The indoor temperature was maintained at 20 ℃ at the beginning, and then transitioned to normal temperature with the increase of age. This period is also the main stage for geese to grow skeletons and feathers, allowing geese to move and bathe freely by the outdoor pool when the weather is fine, so as to exercise their physique and receive sunlight to promote the absorption of calcium and phosphorus. It starts from 2 hours to 3 hours a day, then gradually changes to free activities outdoors during the day, and then turns to indoor breeding at night.

3. Management of the goose period: after the Shitou goose is raised to 9 weeks old, the main wing feather has grown 10 cm ~ 15 cm, which should be transferred to the fattening period. The main purpose of this period of management is to limit the range of activities of geese as far as possible, so as to reduce heat consumption and gain more meat. To achieve the fattening effect. Methods in order to properly increase the feeding density and limit the launching time (4 ~ 3 animals per square meter can be raised on the Internet under certain conditions), but enough drinking water should be provided and fattening for 10 ~ 15 days can be put on the market. Medium and large geese are raised on the ground, so indoor goose droppings must be removed every day, cushions should be added at night to ensure that the indoor ground environment is dry, outdoor sports grounds should be cleared every 2 to 3 days, and disinfection should be done.

Epidemic disease control

Every day, goose farms must do a good job in environmental cleaning and regular disinfection, put an end to the source of infection, and dynamically formulate immunization procedures according to the epidemic situation in the surrounding areas and farms, so that prevention is more important than treatment, and do a good job in the prevention and control of common diseases so as to promote the healthy development of geese.

1. Gosling plague: Gosling plague is the main infectious disease of geese, which is a great threat to goose production. In recent years, not only goslings but also older geese (more than 50 days old) will also be infected. The most effective way to prevent the disease is to transmit the antibody to the offspring through the immunization of the goose. The prevention method for the goslings without maternal antibody is to inject one dose of Gosling plague attenuated vaccine from 5 days old to 7 days old, and 1.5 doses from 15 days old. Practice has proved that the occurrence of Gosling plague can be effectively controlled by immunized geese. If the disease can be treated with anti-Gosling plague serum.

2. Goose is infected with duck plague: duck plague often occurs at more than 20 days old. Once the disease occurs in geese, the mortality rate is high. The prevention method is to inject duck plague vaccine at 12 days old, 10 doses per goslings, and 20 parts per goslings at the age of 21 days. Through immunized geese, the occurrence of the disease can be effectively prevented.

3. Pecking fetishness: online feeding pecking is the most common, with many causes, such as excessive lighting for a long time, high feeding density, high temperature, lack of certain trace elements and so on. If the phenomenon of feather pecking occurs at the beginning, the cause should be analyzed and identified immediately, and the cause should be dealt with in time.