Breeding and Management techniques of breeding Pigeon

Selection of breeding pigeons

When selecting breeding pigeons, it is necessary to look at the production performance of their ancestors, such as the number of annual egg nests, egg weight, fertilization rate, hatching rate, survival rate and 28-day-old pigeon weight; individual selection should pay attention to the individual weight above the average body weight and compact feathers all over the body; the female pigeon has a beautiful head, a slender neck and slender shins; the male pigeon has a tall and strong physique, strong legs and exuberant sexual desire. The pigeon flock should be rectified in time, and should be eliminated in time where the number of eggs laid per year is less than 8 litters, the male and female are not in harmony, the fertilization rate is less than 98%, the quality of the young pigeons is poor, and the care of the pigeons is not strong.

Pigeon house requirements

According to the north to south direction, build a double-row factory shed-style pigeon house, each row is about 23 meters long, using four-story eight-room integrated metal cage, so that each column can raise more than 300 pairs of pigeons. The distance between the columns is 43.5 meters.

Feeding and management

1, feed preparation: pigeons have the habit of picky food, for a variety of feed mixed diet, the order of eating feed is: mung bean → pea → wheat → corn → soybean → rice → sorghum, etc., therefore, it is best to match into granular materials, so as not to be picky food caused by some nutritional deficiencies. At the same time, some components of feed raw materials should be increased or decreased according to the changes of season and production cycle. Hot summer, add mung beans to clear heat and reduce fire; cold winter, increase hemp kernel to improve the energy value of feed; add rapeseed during moulting period to shorten molting time. When preparing feed, attention should be paid to the balance of animal proteins, especially essential amino acids. Animal protein is very important for egg production, fertilization rate and hatching rate of pigeons as well as the weight of 28-day-old pigeons.

2. Feeding method: three times a day, fixed time and quantity. Feeding time, most take 7:30 in the morning, 2:00 in the afternoon, 6 in the evening; feeding amount is: non-feeding period of about 40 grams per pair of pigeons. During the feeding period, it is best to keep feeding, if not feeding grains, before feeding, soak the feed in warm water (about 40 ℃) for 30 minutes, dry and then feed, which is beneficial to the digestion of squab.

3. Preparation and delivery of health care sand: the quality and feed intake of health care sand directly affect the growth, development and reproduction of pigeons. During the breeding period, the formula of health sand (%) was as follows: River sand 35, yellow mud 20, shell powder 15, salt 5, lime 2, poultry multidimensional 2, gentian 0.5, gypsum powder 2, eggshell powder 2, bone meal 2, charcoal powder 6, fish meal 5, licorice 1, auxin 1.5, oxytetracycline calcium salt 0.6, yeast slice 0.4. Pigeons like to eat fresh, dry health care sand, so it is best to put health care sand once a day.

4. Daily management and epidemic prevention and control

① daily management can look at four aspects: look at mental state, healthy pigeons are lively, excited and sensitive; depending on diet, healthy pigeons eat faster and generally drink water after eating; look at the color and shape of feces, normal pigeon feces are gray, yellowish brown or grayish black, shaped in strips or spirals, with white uric acid attached at the end Look at the nursing care of pigeons, and observe whether pigeons are trampled, pressed, lost, harmed by rats, etc., to ensure the safe and healthy growth of pigeons.

Management of ② incubation period: when breeding pigeons hatch, some male and female pigeons often fight for hatching, thus trampling on the eggs, while some breeding pigeons linger after they come out to eat, thus affecting the development of embryos and even causing embryo death. The former case should be re-paired, and the nest eggs should be hatched by the nanny pigeon; in the latter case, the pigeon should be rushed back to the nest in time to hatch, and its light should be dimmed, after 3 to 5 days, this phenomenon can be avoided.

Breeding eggs are easy to be soiled by feces in the process of hatching, so check them frequently. If there is fecal contamination, gently wipe the feces with towels soaked in warm water, which can obviously improve the hatching rate and avoid washing them with water. Otherwise, it is harmful to the development of embryos and even causes the death of embryos.

The incubation period of the king pigeon is 18 days, and the eggs should be treated twice during the whole incubation period, and the first time is the fifth day after hatching. the main purpose is to remove the azoospermic eggs, the examination method is simple and effective, that is, the eggs are clairvoyant to the light, if the eggs are yellow and bright, it is the same as those without hatching. it is an azoosperm egg; the second time the egg is the 12th day after hatching, check the development of the embryo and pick out the dead embryo.

The development of some embryos is not strong enough, although the shell has been broken, but unable to shell on its own, at this time, the need for artificial midwifery, that is, the needle along the pecking hole along the egg parallel to expand it, and then wait for it to mature after the shell itself. If the blood vessels have not completely contracted, you can not force the blood vessels to break, otherwise, it will cause death due to excessive bleeding. Through artificial midwifery, pigeons can generally come out of their shells safely, which is an effective measure to improve the hatching rate.

Management of ③ feeding period: training should be given to individual newborn pigeons who will not feed squab, that is, the mouth of squab should be carefully inserted into the mouth of parent pigeon. After repeated many times, parent pigeon will generally be nursed or nursed by nanny pigeon to ensure the survival of pigeon. Change the position of squab: when some parent pigeons are breastfeeding, they always feed one outside the nest first, resulting in uneven development of two squab and overfed crop, resulting in indigestion. Therefore, the positions of the two squab pigeons should be changed frequently to make them grow evenly so as to improve the quality of squab. For a nest with only one egg or one squab, the two nests should be merged or three-in-one according to their recent age, so as to reduce the burden of breeding pigeons, make them lay eggs ahead of time, and improve the production efficiency of breeding pigeons.

Generally speaking, when the squab comes out of its shell for 15 to 18 days, the parent pigeon can lay a litter of eggs. If the squab is not allowed to leave the nest in time, it will affect the parent pigeon laying and hatching. Generally speaking, the time of nesting is 12 days old in summer and 15 days old in winter. The separation time between squab and parent pigeon is 21 days or 28 days for commercial pigeons and 28 days or 30 days for breeding pigeons.