How does giant salamander spit food regularly?

Artificial breeding, giant salamander after eating and vomiting behavior, this is why? Production practice proves that if the giant salamander does not take corresponding preventive measures, it can form a habit of vomiting, which not only wastes bait, pollutes water quality, but also leads to loss of appetite, inhibition of growth and development, emaciation and weakness, and is easy to infect other diseases. For example, when the giant salamander parent vomits food, it can delay the maturity of gonad and directly affect the fertilization rate and hatching rate. Therefore, in the process of artificial breeding giant salamander, we should grasp the reasons of giant salamander vomiting in time and take corresponding countermeasures.

Causes of giant salamander vomiting

1. Environmental reasons

① Influence of water quality: In nature, giant salamander often lives in humid streams in deep mountains and forests. The water source is mountain spring water without any pollution. The water quality is fresh and tender, which is most suitable for the growth and development of giant salamander. But in artificial breeding giant salamander, the water source is generally pond, reservoir, lake water or aerated tap water, water temperature, ph value, dissolved oxygen, transparency and mountain stream water have certain differences, especially the mineral content in the water, difficult to reach the mountain stream spring standard. In some places, due to the limitation of water sources, the recycling of aquaculture pond water will easily lead to a large number of residual bait and excreta polluting water quality, accompanied by toxic and harmful gases, such as nh3, h2s, etc. According to relevant information, when the h2s content in the water reaches 0,035 mg/h, the food intake of giant salamander is obviously reduced, and the activity ability is weakened. When the h2s content is higher than 0.15 mg/h, giant salamander stops eating, or vomiting occurs after a small amount of food intake, which will lead to death of giant salamander poisoning in severe cases.

2. The construction of giant salamander culture pond is unreasonable: according to the living habit of giant salamander, people are accustomed to building giant salamander culture pond in basement. Although humidity and temperature can meet the requirements of giant salamander growth and development, the ventilation performance of basement is poor, and the convection and exchange degree of air are also poor, which directly affects the dissolved oxygen and pH value in water. The light intensity in the basement is too dark, which restricts the growth and reproduction of beneficial microorganisms in the salamander culture water, such as photosynthetic bacteria, blue-green algae, etc., destroys the ecological balance in the culture water, causes the physiological mechanism of the giant salamander to be disordered, and induces its vomiting. Some giant salamander pools are built in densely populated living areas, and artificial dark holes are not built in the pools. Giant salamanders are often frightened by passing pedestrians and vehicles.

2. Human causes

① improper stocking density: giant salamander lives in the natural environment, the unit density of water body is relatively thin, which fully ensures the best living space of giant salamander. When the giant salamander is cultured artificially, the stocking density is dozens or hundreds of times of the natural population density, and the most basic living space of the giant salamander is limited. According to tests, when the stocking density of the giant salamander reaches more than 8kg/m3, it can cause the giant salamander to vomit.

② Poor food quality: Because giant salamander belongs to carnivorous animals, giant salamander often feeds on small fish and shrimp, tadpoles, aquatic insects, snails and mussels in natural environment. When giant salamander is cultivated artificially, due to the limitation of living bait source and consideration of economic interests, in addition to feeding a certain amount of living bait, it mainly feeds cheap animal carcasses, internal organs, blood scraps, etc., which are easy to decompose and pollute the water quality in the pool in high temperature season, resulting in food poisoning of giant salamander. The light one vomits food and the heavy one dies.

3. Improper feeding method: when feeding artificially, the feeding amount is too much, especially in the peak growth period of giant salamander, when the feeding amount is too small, it is bound to cause mutual residual feeding of giant salamander, and in the process of tearing and killing, it is more likely to cause vomiting and physical injury of giant salamander: when the feeding amount is too much, giant salamander often eats too much, and it will vomit if it is slightly stimulated or frightened.

3. Causes of illness

Parasitic diseases: Parasitic diseases of giant salamander are usually caused by parasitic diseases of giant salamander, such as pseudo-head trematode, posterior trough trematode and acanthopanax, etc. When these parasites reproduce in large quantities in giant salamander, sick salamander also has vomiting performance.

② Gastroenteritis disease: In the process of artificial feeding, such as feeding moldy or unclean bait, it is easy to cause gastroenteritis disease of giant salamander. Its symptoms are: lying still, food intake greatly reduced, thin feces accompanied by a large amount of purulent mucus, often accompanied by vomiting signs.

Measures to solve giant salamander vomiting

1. Strengthen feeding management

① Conditions of salamander pond: The basic conditions for building salamander pond are: sufficient water source, convenient drainage and clean environment. It is better to build salamander breeding farm in forest area with high mountains and dense forests and murmuring springs, and build 2m high wall around breeding pond to prevent theft and escape and prevent man-made disturbance to giant salamander, and build several artificial caves in breeding pond for giant salamander to inhabit. Trees and aquatic plants can be planted around the pool to simulate the ecological environment in the wild.

(2) Reasonable stocking: the density of artificial stocking giant salamander is much larger than that of natural population. Reasonable stocking can not only make full use of water body, implement intensive intensive breeding, but also avoid vomiting caused by large density of giant salamander. Generally speaking, the stocking density of giant salamander can be determined according to factors such as water source, water body, bait, salamander species, etc. If the water source is good and the bait is abundant, 5-6 salamander species of 50-80g can be put into every 10m3 water body.

③ Scientific feeding: Artificial feeding is done well. One is timing: according to the living habit of giant salamander lying in the daytime and feeding at night, feeding is mostly carried out in the evening; the other is positioning: build bait platform in salamander breeding pool, wash bait platform with disinfectant regularly, keep bait platform clean frequently, and put bait directly on bait platform when feeding; the third is quality determination: Giant salamander bait requirements fresh, fresh shrimp, tadpole for the best, but also in the salamander pool to put a certain number of crucian carp, carp, tilapia and other fertile fish, so that giant salamander free predation. The artificial compound feed fed requires comprehensive nutrition without mildew; fourth, quantitative: the feeding amount can be flexibly controlled according to the water temperature and the size of the giant salamander, and it is appropriate to feed in the evening before eating the next day.

④ Regulation of water quality: giant salamander's requirements for water quality

2. Prevention and treatment of diseases

In order to prevent diseases, 0.3-0.4g/m3 strong chlorine essence or 0.2-0.3g/m3 chlorine dioxide liquid medicine is regularly sprinkled into the salamander culture pond. When the giant salamander suffers from gastroenteritis, it should first stop eating for 2-3 days, and then feed the giant salamander when it is in a semi-hungry state. The formula of the bait is: sulfaguanidine 5g+ oxytetracycline 3g+ ofloxacin 5g are evenly mixed into 5kg animal meat paste and fed to giant salamander once a day for 3-5 days. When giant salamander suffers from parasitic diseases, trichlorfon (90% crystal) 15g + furylpropylamine 3g can be added to every 5kg bait, once a day, and can be cured after two consecutive times.