Interculture technique of Loach in lotus root field

Raising Misgurnus anguillicaudatus in lotus root field is a production mode to rapidly improve economic benefits, which can not only increase the output of lotus root, but also improve the breeding efficiency of Loach. It is an efficient way to increase income and improve utilization rate. At the same time, it can also promote the balance of lotus root pond water ecological environment. Let's take a look at the lotus lotus field Loach culture technology.

Construction method of lotus root field

The lotus root field should be selected in a sunny position, with flat terrain, convenient drainage and irrigation, good water retention, flood control and waterlogging control. The lotus root field needs to be strengthened, the field depth should be controlled at 50 cm to 60 cm, the water depth should be controlled at 20 cm to 30 cm, and an anti-escape net should be set up at the inlet and outlet to prevent Loach from escaping. Use cement board to stand on the ridge wall of the field, no cement board can also be replaced by a thicker plastic film, cement board seams should be sealed with cement. According to the size of the lotus root field, before planting lotus root, one-shaped, ten-shaped or well-shaped ditches should be dug in the field, and the width and depth of the ditches should be controlled at 30cm to 40cm. In addition, one or more puddles of 1.0 to 1.5 cubic meters need to be dug around or on one side of the ridge, which should be connected with the ditch, mainly in order not to disturb the Loach when picking lotus root and to facilitate the operation when harvesting Loach on the market.

Disinfection technology of lotus root field

Control the water depth of the lotus root field at about 10 cm, stir the quicklime at 60 kg / mu of chemical pulp and sprinkle it all over the field while it is hot. You can also sprinkle the whole field with 15 kg bleach or 5 kg strong chlorine. Plastic products must be used to dissolve the above disinfectants. After 5 days of disinfection, the water was changed, and after the water was changed, the new water was injected into the fish to test whether the toxicity of the field water disappeared. Silver carp or silver carp can be selected to test the water fish, and the fish can be cultured with Loach seedlings after a normal life.

Planting techniques of lotus root

The species of lotus root in spring should be planted when the temperature rises above 15 ℃ and the ground temperature reaches more than 12 degrees at the depth of 10 centimeters. 15-20 days before planting, fertilize 800-1000 kg per mu, spread fertilizer evenly, plough and rake the mud at the bottom of the pond, and then routinely disinfect it with 80-100kg quicklime per mu. To choose fresh, sturdy, buds, thin, complete roots, disease-free, more than 3 complete lotus root species, 250-300 kg per mu of lotus root. After planting the lotus root, the lotus root pond stores water 10 centimeters deep, and the inlet is filtered with 30-mesh sieve silk to prevent wild and miscellaneous fish from entering.

Stocking technique of Loach

When the lotus root grows two vertical leaves and the water temperature is stable above 20 degrees, the fish can be released. One week before Loach stocking, fermented chicken, pig, cow manure and other organic fertilizers were applied 150-200 kg per mu and calcium superphosphate 15-20 kg per mu to improve the water quality and at the same time add new water to make the water level reach 30 cm. Before and after Ching Ming Festival, 20, 000 Loach were released per mu. Seedlings to choose to use in line with the national technical operation rules for pollution-free seedling production specifications, strong Loach species, soak in 3% salt water for 5 minutes before entering the pond, disinfection and disease prevention.

Bait management of Loach

1. Bait selection: Misgurnus anguillicaudatus is omnivorous fish. Small animals and plants, microorganisms and organic detritus in the water are its favorite food. Artificial breeding can directly feed aquatic insects, yellow powder insects, earthworms, maggots, clams, snails, fish meal, wild miscellaneous fish meat and livestock and poultry scraps, etc., can also be fed with artificial formula feed. Loach likes to look for food at night, so it should be fed once in the morning and evening. It is usually fed according to 3-4% of the body weight of fish in the early stage of culture and 4-6% of the body weight of fish in the middle stage, and the amount of compound feed can be reduced appropriately in the later stage.

2. Bait feeding: Loach bait should adhere to the four principles, properly reduce the amount of bait in rainy and muggy weather, patrol the fields for a week every day, and deal with problems in time, such as loopholes in the ridges, leaks and dead fish should be dealt with quickly, and keep the pool water tender green. Disinfect it with a disinfectant such as quicklime or bleach every 15 days. The fertilization of lotus root field should be based on multi-base fertilizer and less chemical fertilizer. Pesticides should choose products with high efficiency and low toxicity, and they are harmless to Loach. Change the water regularly, 20% to 30% each time.

Lotus root field management technology

1. Water quality control: with the continuous rise of summer temperature, fresh water should be injected as soon as possible without affecting the growth of lotus root, and the highest water level is about 30cm to 50cm at the beginning of June. From July to September, the water should be changed once a week, 10 cm each time, once a month. Sprinkle 4 kilograms of quicklime per mu in the whole pool to regulate water quality and disinfect and prevent disease.

2. Fishing harvest: the lotus root pond Loach was caught in early October. After many days in succession, the capture rate of Loach in the pond can reach more than 90%. After the Loach was caught, the lotus root was harvested, and the time was generally carried out at the end of October. This ecological cultivation model achieved both lotus root and Loach yield, and achieved higher economic and social benefits. The average annual yield of lotus root per mu is 3200 kg, the yield of Loach per mu is nearly 400kg, the average specification of Loach is 24g / tail, the survival rate is more than 80%, the average annual output value is 17000 yuan per mu, and the net income can reach 11000 yuan.

Disease control of Loach

1. Parasitic diseases: Misgurnus anguillicaudatus, which is attacked by rotifers, cups and third-generation worms, often floats on the surface and becomes restless. The control method is that the mixture of copper sulfate and ferrous sulfate (5:2) dissolves water and sprinkles evenly in the whole field, or Yuchongjing (deltamethrin solution) 0.15mg / kg 0.22mg / kg.

2. Printing disease: Misgurnus anguillicaudatus printing disease is caused by Aeromonas aerogenes infection, the focus is generally oval, round edema, and erythema, the affected area is mainly on both sides of the tail stalk, like a seal. The method of prevention and treatment is the same as red fin disease.

3. Red fin disease: Misgurnus anguillicaudatus red fin disease is caused by Brevibacterium infection. Part of the epidermis near the dorsal fin falls off and is grayish white. In severe cases, the fin is exposed and does not feed until death. Can be sprinkled with 1 mg / kg of bleach or 0.3 mg / kg of strong chlorine in the whole field, repeated once in 24 hours, and then sprinkled every half a month for prevention.

4. Bubble disease: due to insufficient dissolved oxygen, excessive dissolved oxygen or excessive content of other gases in water, Loach floats on the surface and belly bulges like bubbles. Strengthen daily management to prevent the deterioration of water quality, immediately add new water when the disease occurs, and sprinkle it in the whole pool with 4kg of salt per mu.

5. Water mildew: water mildew is not easy to be detected in the early stage. When it can be detected by the naked eye, the mycelium has invaded the wound of Loach and sent out the hyphae to form a cotton floc. Mold can secrete a large number of proteolytic enzymes, which can degrade the body tissue of Misgurnus anguillicaudatus and secrete a large amount of mucus, aggravate the disease, greatly reduce its appetite, weaken and die, often reproduce in spring, autumn or winter, and can be infected as long as there is skin trauma in fish.