Culture Technique of Paramisgurnus macrolepis

Misgurnus anguillicaudatus is a warm-water fish of Loach family, which is distributed in Sichuan, Zhejiang, Taiwan, Liaoning, Heilongjiang and other places. It is a large and fast-growing species of Loach with delicate meat and delicious taste. It has quite high nutritional value and breeding prospects. Let's take a look at the culture technology of Misgurnus anguillicaudatus.

Habitat of Misgurnus anguillicaudatus

Misgurnus anguillicaudatus is found in shallow waters such as lakeside, ponds, rice fields, ditches and so on. The living water temperature is 10-30 ℃, and the optimum water temperature is 25-27 ℃, so it should be a warm-water fish. When the water temperature rises to 30 ℃, Loach will dive into the mud to spend the summer. When the water temperature drops below 5 ℃ in winter, it is drilled into the mud at a depth of 20 to 30 centimeters to survive the winter. Strong adaptability to hypoxia environment, in addition to Gill respiration, but also skin respiration and intestinal respiration. The vision is very weak, but the sense of touch and taste are extremely sensitive.

Food habits of Misgurnus anguillicaudatus

Paramisgurnus dabryanus is an omnivorous fish. the juvenile fish feed on animal bait and feed on zooplankton, chironomid larvae, silk earthworms and so on. After growing up, the range of bait expands, which can not only eat a variety of insects, but also eat filamentous algae, plant roots, stems, leaves and humus. Adult Loach mainly eats plant food. Most of the food is fed at night, and the water temperature is below 10 ℃ and above 30 ℃. Generally speaking, people live in the dirt, and whenever they are in danger, they will drill into the soil as quickly as possible.

Culture technique of Misgurnus anguillicaudatus

1. Parent Loach selection: the parent Loach used for breeding is mainly selected from the adult Loach pond last year, and can also be purchased from the nearby market. The female Misgurnus anguillicaudatus generally requires a body weight of more than 25 grams and a body length of 14 cm. Male Loach weight requirements are not strict, generally weight more than 12 grams, body length more than 10 centimeters. It is required that the body surface color is normal, smooth and disease-free, symmetrical, agile, aged 2-3 years old. When inducing labor, the well-developed female Loach with obvious abdominal ovary outline should be paired with the healthy and lively male Loach, and the female-to-male ratio is 1:2.

2. Pond conditions: no matter where the parent Loach comes from, it must be cultivated in the pond for no less than 2 months. The cultivation pond of Loach has an area of 1200-1500 square meters, which can maintain the normal water level of 60-80 cm, transparency of 20 cm and moderate fertility. The parent Loach was thoroughly disinfected with quicklime or bleach powder, tea seed meal and so on before it was put into use. After the medicine disappears, the base fertilizer is applied to improve the water quality, and then the parent Loach is released. The stocking density is 325 kg of parent Loach per mu of water surface and mixed culture of male and female.

3. Loach pond management: in March, people can be fed artificial feed when the water temperature is higher than 10 ℃. The feed requires a crude protein content of 300.35% and a fat content of 5%, mainly animal protein. The feeding amount is about 1% of the body weight when the pond water temperature is 15 ℃, about 2% of the body weight when the water temperature is 20 ℃, and about 3% of the body weight when the water temperature is above 25 ℃. The feeding time is 8: 9 a.m. and 16-17:00 p.m. Flush regularly once a week, 2 hours each time, deepen the water level by 5 cm, do not change a large amount of water, maintain a certain fatness is conducive to the gonadal development of Loach.

4. The time of induced labor: the suitable time for induced labor of Misgurnus anguillicaudatus should be from mid-late April to early May, the water temperature is 16 ℃ ~ 18 ℃, and the gonads are easy to be overmature later. There are mainly medical syringes with a capacity of 1ml and matching needles, oxytocin, dissection plates, scissors, knives, tweezers for Loach injection, towels for testicular extraction, hard feathers, 1 1000 ml fine bottle, Green's solution or medical saline, 2 straws with 20 ml or 50 ml, water basins or buckets.

5. Drugs for inducing labor: through the experimental study, it was found that the mixed hormone of DOM + chorionic gonadotropin or luteinizing hormone analogue had better effect, and the price of using HCG alone was high, and the effect was not good. The injection dose was 0.5 mg / tail of dioxone + 300 mg / tail of chorionic gonadotropin or 0.5 mg / tail of dioxone + 2 μ g / tail of luteinizing hormone analogue.

6. The method of inducing labor: first, the dosage of each fish is mixed into injection with normal saline. Generally, about 20 grams of Loach are injected with 0.5-0.7 ml. During the injection, one person fixed the Loach with the Loach control net, and the other used a medical syringe for injection. The method of intramuscular injection on the back was used. The needle tip was at an angle of 45 °with the Loach body, and the drug was injected into the head with a depth of 0.2 cm. In order to prevent the Misgurnus anguillicaudatus from being hurt too deeply, the needle can be treated by winding cotton thread on the needle tip or putting a small rubber tube on the needle, which is required to expose the needle tip of 0.2 cm.

7. Spawning and hatching: after the induction of spawning, the parent Loach was stimulated to lay eggs with micro-running water. The Misgurnus anguillicaudatus began to estrus, chase, entangle and lay eggs at 12-15 hours at 22 ℃ and 8-10 hours at 25 ℃, and the fertilized eggs fell into the loop from the mesh. After spawning, take away the cage and Loach together, and the fertilized eggs enter the incubation stage. At this time, the current should be increased to flush the Loach eggs that have sunk at the bottom of the loop. At the same time, the loach eggs can be stirred up from below with a stirring board, and the operation lasts for about 30 minutes. After the caking eggs are separated, the flow rate can be reduced, and the flow rate can be controlled at about 10 cm / s. When the water temperature is 22 ℃, 90% of the fertilized eggs hatch Loach seedlings after 41 hours. When the water temperature is 25 ℃, it takes 30 to 32 hours for Loach to hatch.

Culture technique of Misgurnus anguillicaudatus in Paddy Field

1. Rice field selection: it is better to cultivate Misgurnus anguillicaudatus in the rice field with weak acidity, less sediment, good water retention and no overflow during rainfall. High ridges should be built around the rice field. two nets should be set up at the inlet and outlet to prevent the Loach from escaping. At the same time, dig some fish-collecting pits in the fields or four corners to facilitate fishing in the future.

2. Seedling stocking: put seedlings after transplanting seedlings of early or middle rice, generally stocking 40-50 000 seedlings per mu. It is also necessary to apply organic fertilizer before releasing Loach to cultivate phytoplankton in the water. In order to obtain high yield of Misgurnus anguillicaudatus, a certain amount of artificial bait should be fed every other day or every other day. The kinds of bait can be mainly agricultural and sideline products, with a small amount of fish meal and silkworm pupa powder. In the later stage, more bait can be fed in the fish pit, which is conducive to centralized fishing.

3. Feeding management: during the period of feeding, always check the anti-escape facilities to prevent escape. The rice fields of raising Loach should apply little or no pesticides as far as possible. Even in case of use, the medicine should be administered in batches, with the spray head up, and do not spray the liquid onto the surface of the water. In addition, do not use herbicides. When double-cropping late rice is planted, it is best to adopt no-tillage method to avoid mechanical damage to Loach.

Culture technique of Misgurnus anguillicaudatus in Pond

1. Loach species stocking: neat specifications, smooth body surface, no disease and no deformities are put in per mu. 280kg / kg of Loach seedlings are 280kg / kg. 30.4% salt water is used before stocking. Soak and disinfect for 15 minutes when the water temperature is 10 ℃.

2. Water quality management: the water color of the pond should be yellowish green, the transparency is 2025 cm, the pH is neutral or weakly acidic, the dissolved oxygen is more than 2 mg / L, and field snail and microbial preparations are used to improve the water body at the right time.

3. Feed feeding: it is required that the protein content of formula feed is about 30%, the particle size is less than 2.3mm, the water temperature is 15 ℃, the feeding amount is 2% of the total body weight of Loach in the pond, and when the water temperature is 20: 28 ℃, the feeding amount is 3% and 4% of the total body weight of Loach in the pond. Feed 3 times a day, follow the "four fixed" feeding principle.

4. Daily management: patrol the pond three times in the morning, middle and evening every day to observe the changes of water quality and the feeding and activities of Loach, and do a good job of escape prevention.

Courtyard Culture technique of Misgurnus anguillicaudatus

1. Loach pond selection: Loach ponds should be selected in places where the terrain is relatively flat, ventilation to the sun, water intake and drainage are more convenient and easy to manage, and the shapes can be varied, generally speaking, rectangular and east-west direction is better. The area of Loach pond varies with different culture methods and culture levels. generally speaking, the area of Loach pond used in courtyard culture is 50-80 square meters, and the depth of the pond is 1-1.5 meters.

2. Construction of Loach Pool: the Loach Pool can be made of bricks, stones and other materials, with a pressure port on the top of the wall, which extends 5cm to the pool. A water outlet is arranged in the center of the bottom of the pool, and the diameter of the water pipe is about 1.5 cm. At the same time, an overflow outlet is arranged on the edge of the pool to control the water level. The outlet and overflow are covered with barbed wire to prevent seedling escape. Some water plants, such as water peanuts and water hyacinth, can be planted in the Loach Pond to improve the water environment and reduce the water temperature. In addition, some climbing plants such as grapes or towel gourd can be planted around the Loach pond, which can provide a place for Loach to shade and cool in summer.

3. Seeding and stocking: the pond was thoroughly cleared with quicklime 0.2 kg / m2 7 days and 10 days before stocking. After 5 days and 7 days, the water storage was 1020 cm, and the mixture of organic fertilizer and inorganic fertilizer was applied to cultivate the basic bait organisms in the water body. The stocking density of Loach species should be neat, strong, muscular, disease-free, injury-free and bright. The stocking density should be determined according to pond conditions, feed sources and management level. in general, the stocking density of Loach species with a body length of 5 cm to 7 cm is 80 fish per square meter. at the same time, 8 crucian carps can be stocked in the Loach pond.

4. Feed selection: Misgurnus anguillicaudatus is an omnivorous small fish with a wide range of feed sources. Water fleas, earthworms and fly maggots are natural food organisms of Loach, which can be fed with rice bran, bean cake, bean dregs, blood meal, wheat bran and so on. The food intake of Misgurnus anguillicaudatus is closely related to the water temperature. The daily feeding is 1% of the total body weight of Loach in March, 4% of the total body weight of Loach from April to June, 1% of the total body weight of Loach from July to August, and 4% of the total body weight of Loach from September to October.

5. Feed feeding: the feed feeding method is to set up a feed table in the Loach pond and put the feed on the feed table. The feed is required to be fresh, pollution-free, decay-free and non-deteriorating. The feeding time is generally around 9: 00 in the morning. The feeding amount shall be finished by Loach within 3 or 4 hours. During the adult Loach period, the amount of feed should be adjusted according to the weather and the growth and feeding of Loach. The residual bait should be removed in time.

6. water quality control: when Loach species first entered the pond, the water depth was maintained at 10-20 cm. Later, with the growth of Loach species, the water level gradually deepened to its proper depth, which was shallower at ordinary times and deepened when it was hot and hot, and new water was often injected into it to maintain a good water environment. When the weather is muggy, the pool water is easy to lack oxygen. If you find Loach swimming to the surface to eat air, you should add new water or take measures to increase oxygen in time.

7. Daily management: it is necessary to achieve "second prevention, second diligence, three mornings and four looks", that is, to prevent escape and disease, to patrol ponds frequently, to keep diaries frequently, to clear ponds early, to start feeding early, and to raise Misgurnus anguillicaudatus early (to prolong the growing period of Loach). Feed feeding is determined by Loach activities and feeding, weather changes, water quality changes, seasonal changes and so on.

8. Disease prevention and control: strive to achieve early prevention and treatment without disease. Regular sprinkling of quicklime and bleach in the whole pond can improve water quality and prevent the occurrence of fish diseases. It is necessary to remove water snakes, water rats and other enemy pests in the Loach Pond in time.

9. Timely fishing: fishing can be carried out at the end of autumn and early winter when the water temperature drops to 10: 15 ℃ and the food intake of Loach decreases. Generally speaking, the method of draining the water of the pool is usually used to capture it manually.