Construction method of Misgurnus anguillicaudatus culture pond

If you want to raise Loach well, it is very important to choose a suitable location. First of all, we should choose places with adequate water sources and good water quality. Because Loach is also a kind of fish, it is inseparable from water, so there must be a clean and pollution-free source of water to cultivate Loach. Secondly, to choose a place with convenient transportation, it is necessary to transport feed and Loach in the process of breeding, so we have to choose a place with convenient transportation. It is not enough to choose a good site, it must be considered carefully when building a farm.

Site selection of Loach Pond

1. Traffic: traffic plays an important role in the cultivation of Loach. In places with convenient transportation, it is very convenient to enter seedlings, buy feed and sell Loach, which is not affected by the seasonal weather.

2. Electricity consumption: Loach ponds are generally selected in places where the voltage is relatively stable, which plays a vital role in the speed of changing water in the process of culture. Rural power network transformation has been carried out in most rural areas of our country, but in some areas, due to small transformer capacity, aging lines and other reasons, it is impossible to start the water pump at the peak of electricity consumption, which is easy to bring safety risks to Loach culture. therefore, friends who raise Loach for the first time must pay attention to it when choosing the breeding site.

3. Water source: whether the water source is sufficient or not determines the low density of Loach culture, so Loach ponds are generally built near rivers and lakes, but the water source must not be seriously polluted (suitable for fish survival). If your area has relatively abundant groundwater, you can also use well water to raise it, and the effect is almost the same.

4. Soil quality: black soil, loess and other clayey soils are better, while sandy soils have poor water retention, so it is best not to choose them.

5. Topography: the terrain should be slightly higher, the drainage should be convenient, and it should not be submerged in the summer flood season.

Construction of Loach Pond

1. Time: it is generally appropriate to build Loach ponds in winter in the northern region. The Loach ponds built in winter are gradually loosened after the next winter's freezing, which plays an important role in water conservation in the process of breeding in the second year. Of course, it is also possible in other seasons, but we should pay attention to the problem of water seepage.

2. Excavation: for the rice fields with relatively small ridges or the newly built Loach ponds on flat land, small bulldozers or excavators can be used to excavate the ponds if possible. Before excavation, it is best to rake the ground with a rotary tiller and then dig it again, so that the soil is soft and beneficial to water conservation. If the ridge of the paddy field is already solid, the ridge can also be raised and widened manually.

3. The depth of the pond: after completion, the depth of the Loach pond is generally maintained at about 1 meter, there is no need to be too deep, and the cost of excavation is also high.

4. The width of the ridge (dam) and anti-leakage treatment: generally keep it at 1-2 meters (specifically determined according to the local soil quality), as long as the water storage is about 70 cm and the seepage is slow. Some rice fields are burrowed with wild lobster, which can easily lead to ridge leakage. In some areas, the soil contains more sand, and the anti-seepage effect is not good. For such paddy fields, geomembrane can be covered at the edge of the degree to prevent pond water leakage. Generally speaking, the price of 130 grams of geomembrane per square meter is about 3 yuan, and it takes about 600 yuan to deal with a 100-meter-long ridge, but it can be used for 3 years. If there are conditions, it is certainly better to use bricks or concrete to prevent leakage, but such an one-time investment will be larger. -

5. The size of the pond: the pond for raising Loach is generally 70-120 meters long, 8-15 meters wide, and the area is 1-3 mu. If the width is too wide, feeding and other management is not very convenient; if the length is too long, it is difficult to change water more thoroughly. Of course, the pond should not be too small, it is also troublesome to manage it that way.

Preparation of related materials

1, bamboo pole and wire: generally buy bamboo pole about 6 meters long, each bamboo pole is cut into 4 sections, each section 1.5 meters, the top section because it is thin, so can not be used, the other 3 sections can be used. A bamboo pole will be used in the culture of Loach pond for 3 to 5 meters, so that the purchase quantity of bamboo pole can be calculated. Cement rod can also be used to support mesh cloth, usually 6 to 10 meters with a cement rod. Cement bars can be ordered from the prefabricated component factory, which is about 1.5 meters long (the kind that many grape growers use to set up frames). In addition, prepare an appropriate amount of thin wire rope or iron wire, its length can be around the rice field for one week, used to connect each bamboo pole or cement rod, so as to fix one side of the mesh cloth.

2. Net cloth: net cloth is mainly used to prevent mud from digging holes and escaping around the ridges of the fields. In order to ensure the service life of the mesh cloth and ensure that the Loach does not escape, the purchase of the net cloth must choose the polyethylene mesh cloth of better quality, and the mesh size should be determined according to the Loach seedlings (generally 10-20 mesh mesh cloth can be used). The better quality net cloth can be used in the sun-drenched open field for more than 3 years, but some of the poor quality net cloth age and become brittle in less than 1 year, which is easy to cause the farmed Loach to escape. The width (height) of the mesh cloth should be about 1.5 meters. Since the depth of the pool water may be about 70 cm, and about 50 cm should be buried under the mud, a mesh cloth with a width of only 1.2 meters should never be used instead. The length of the net cloth depends on the perimeter of the Loach pond. In general, if the perimeter of the Loach pond is 100 meters, it is best to buy more than a few meters when buying cloth, because the cloth may not be completely straightened when it is buried, so it is possible to increase the amount of cloth.

Setup of related facilities

1. Burying the net: one month before the seedling is released, the net should be buried in the pond. Burying the net is a very key link, which is directly related to the success or failure of the cultivation of Loach. It can be said that it is as important as the cultivation of Loach, and it is not buried well. It will cause a large number of Loach to escape. Burying the net should pay attention to the following aspects.

Before the ① net is buried, there can be no water in the pond. If there is water, the net will not be strong, but it should not be too dry. If it is too dry, the hard mud will easily burst the net cloth during landfill.

The ② net-burying ditch should be dug manually, and the soil dug should not be placed on the ridge of the pond, but should be placed in the pond to facilitate the backfilling when the net is buried. The net-burying ditch should be excavated about 20 centimeters from the bottom of the pool ridge. If it is too close to the pool ridge, the soil on the ridge will inevitably collapse due to the erosion of Rain Water in the breeding process. These collapsed soil is easy to crush the surrounding mud, causing the Loach to escape. The depth of the buried ditch is generally 30 cm, which is mainly designed according to the active nature of the Loach. If it is buried too shallowly, the Loach is easy to sweep away the mud buried in the net, causing the Loach to escape from the bottom of the net; if it is buried too deep, the anti-escape height above is difficult to guarantee. When digging to the four corners of the pool, the trench should be dug into an arc rather than at a right angle along the ridge of the pool, so as to avoid wrinkles when the net is buried in the four corners.

After the ③ buried net trench is dug, the buried net should be buried immediately to avoid the soil drying which is not conducive to landfill. The net cloth forms a "shape with the bottom of the pool, which can effectively prevent Loach from escaping. When burying the net, be sure to tighten and straighten the net, do not let the net wrinkle, otherwise in the breeding process, Loach is easy to gather in the wrinkles, it is easy to break the net "arch" for a long time.

2. Piling: after the net is caught and buried, the net cloth should be driven on one side of the pool ridge (bamboo pole, miscellaneous wood stick or cement stick can be used). If you use a bamboo pole or wooden stick, you can sharpen one end of it, and then use a hammer to drive it into the mud (about 30 cm in length), driving a pile every 3 to 5 meters; if you use a cement rod as a support, you can dig a hole (about 30 cm deep) with a shovel or hoe every 6 to 10 meters outside the net, then put in the cement rod and fill it firmly. No matter what kind of material is used to drive piles, try to ensure that each pile is upright to ensure that the net cloth can be stretched straight.

3. wire drawing and bandage net: after the pile is finished, the piles should be connected from the middle and upper part of the pile with iron wire or thin wire rope (the diameter of the wire or thin wire rope is about 3-5 mm). The height of iron wire or wire rope should be slightly higher than that of mesh cloth. After the connecting wire is pulled up and fixed to each pile, one side of the mesh cloth should be tied to the cable with fine wire or nylon wire (about every 50 cm). When bundling, we should pay attention to: in some places, the distance between the edge of the mesh cloth and the wire is slightly larger, as long as it is slightly tightened, do not pull the net cloth hard to the cable, in order to prevent the net cloth from being torn. After the net cloth is tied up, the main work of the pond purse seine is basically completed.

4. Installation of drainage pipe: the drainage pipe of Loach pond is generally composed of one elbow and two drainage pipes. The general size of the drainage pipe is 100mm to 160mm, and the length of a drain pipe is about the width of the ridge of the pond. Dig the ridge of the pond and bury it slightly below the bottom of the pond. Cover one end of the buried pipe with an elbow of the same specification / and fix it with glue to make the bend mouth upward. Insert a section of water pipe of the same specification with a length of about 70 cm at the end of the bend (without glue), so that the drainage pipe of the Loach pond is installed. In the future, if the pond needs to be drained, the water-saving pipe on the elbow in the pond can be removed. When it rains or adds water to the pond, if the water level of the pond is higher than the water pipe in the pond, the pond water can flow out through the drainage pipe. There is no need to worry about the escape of the Loach caused by the flooding of the pond. In order to increase the safety factor of the purse seine in the pond and prevent the Loach from escaping due to the break of the net cloth, a small piece of net cloth can also be used to block the Loach at the drainage pipe, so that even if some Loach get away from the purse seine, it is impossible to escape outside the pond. Breeders in the usual management, if found to escape to the purse seine Loach, can use fishing nets and so on to put the list back to the purse seine. As the Loach leaps up and down near the inlet, when we install the intake pipe of the pond, we should let it rush to more than 1 meter from the purse seine, so as to prevent the Loach from gathering and jumping on the edge of the net to cause head abrasions. Some farmers put a small plank under the outlet pipe to make the water splash when pumping into the pond, which not only increases the dissolved oxygen of the pond water, but also can effectively prevent the excessive accumulation of mud offerings during pumping, which is worth using for reference.

5. Other ancillary facilities

① drilling: if there is no reliable water source near the Loach pond, consider drilling a well at the edge of the pond. Groundwater is generally abundant in plain areas. A few meters down with a cement pipe about 40 centimeters in diameter, you can have a relatively rich source of water. If you put it into a pump, you can continuously pump water, and it generally costs only a few hundred yuan. For the mountains,? In the Ling area, if you want to rely on the well water, you should dig the well first, and then build the pond, so that the well drilled in the pond does not have much water output, so that the cultivation of Loach cannot be carried out normally.

② fish shed: the role of the fish shed is mainly for the guards to stay and store feed and other items and breeding equipment, generally can build a simple shed of several square meters. As the investment in breeding Loach is relatively large, it is also very necessary to build a fish shed on the edge of the pond and send serious and responsible people to guard it day and night.

Leveling of ③ ridges: as the cultivation and management of Misgurnus anguillicaudatus often needs to walk on the ridges, it is better to flatten the newly made ridges or heightened ridges to facilitate the managers to walk.

After the above facilities are prepared, the purse seine pond for raising Loach will be completed. Fill the pond with water (the depth of the pond is 50 ^ 60 cm) and soak for more than 7 days (mainly to let the net cloth soak and plant plankton to make it smooth to avoid scratching the Loach body) and then put the Loach into the pond and begin to breed.