Rapid breeding technique of Misgurnus anguillicaudatus

Misgurnus anguillicaudatus has the characteristics of wide distribution, strong stress resistance, easy breeding and so on, and has high medicinal value. It is known as "ginseng in water". The rapid cultivation techniques of Loach seedlings are introduced as follows.

Site selection

The breeding site should have sufficient water source, convenient drainage, self-irrigation and self-drainage, fresh water quality, no pollution, neutral or slightly acidic soil, sufficient sunshine, quiet environment, convenient transportation and normal power supply.

Pond construction

1, pond specifications: an area of 50 square meters to 100 square meters, 40 cm above the water around the pond, a slope of 60 ℃ ~ 70 ℃, a depth of 80 cm ~ 100 cm, the pond wall should be rammed with 50 cm × 50 cm cement board for slope protection, the bottom of the pond shall be laid with humus soil of about 20 cm, and the water depth shall be maintained at 30 cm ~ 50 cm.

2. Anti-escape facilities: net, plastic or porcelain panels are used around the breeding pond to prevent snakes, rats and other enemies from entering the breeding area. The inlet and drain is wrapped with 120 mesh cloth to prevent Loach from escaping and enemy organisms and wild miscellaneous fish eggs and seedlings from entering the pond.

3, water intake and drainage facilities: the inlet and drainage port is diagonally set, the water inlet is 20 cm higher than the water surface, and the outlet is located at the bottom of the fish, and connected with PVC pipe to 30 cm higher than the water surface. When drainage, the water level can be adjusted arbitrarily by adjusting the height of PVC pipe.

4. Fish slips (mud pits): in order to facilitate fishing, fish slips connected to the drainage bottom should be set in the pond, with an area of about 5% of the area of the bottom of the pond, 30 cm ~ 50 cm deeper than the bottom of the pond, and the four walls of the fish slips are surrounded by planks or made of cement masonry.

Preparation before stocking

1. Pond cleaning: 10 days before Loach stocking, clean the pond, inspect the hole and plug the leak, dredge the drainage pipe and plough the silt at the bottom of the pond. After releasing water to a depth of 10 centimeters, sprinkle and disinfect the whole pool with 1 kilogram of raw lime slurry every 10 square meters.

2. Water storage and fertilization: after 3 days of clearing the pond, add water to a depth of 30 cm, apply basic fertilizer, and apply 3 kg of fermented chicken manure or 5 kg of pig, cow and human manure for every 10 cubic meters of water, or 7 grams of nitrogen fertilizer and 1 gram of phosphorus fertilizer per cubic meter of water.

Seedling application

The time of entering the pond of Misgurnus anguillicaudatus seedlings is May every year, and the seedling density is 1500 / m2 ~ 2000 / m2. When Misgurnus anguillicaudatus is raised to 3 cm in body length, it is necessary to screen the ponds, and the density of Loach seedlings is 60 / m2 ~ 80 / m2. In the process of seedling investment, attention should be paid to testing the water before stocking to check whether the toxicity of the water body is eliminated. When the seedlings are released, the difference between the water temperature in the container and the water temperature in the pond should not exceed 2 ℃. If the Loach seedlings are oxygenated and transported with nylon bags, the seedlings should be treated "slowly" before releasing the seedlings into the pond, and the oxygenated nylon bags should be placed in the pond for 20 minutes, so that when the water temperature inside and outside the oxygenated nylon bags is the same, the seedlings should be released slowly.

Feeding and management

1. In the early cultivation stage (the body length of Loach seedlings is less than 2 cm): according to the water color, the appropriate amount of topdressing. Topdressing can be done with fermented farm manure such as pigs, cattle, chickens and human dung, and chemical fertilizers such as calcium superphosphate, urea and ammonium bicarbonate can also be used to apply a small amount of fertilizer. The water color is yellow-green, and the water depth is controlled within 30 centimeters. Transparency is controlled at about 20 centimeters. At the same time, every 200000 Loach species were ground into 15 kg soybean milk with 1 kg of soybeans and sprinkled once every morning and evening.

2. In the later stage of cultivation: after the specification of Loach seedlings reached 2 cm, the water level was gradually deepened to 50 cm. In addition to continuing to improve the water quality, compound feed should also be fed once a day in the morning and once in the afternoon, with a daily feed amount of 4% to 10% of the body weight of Loach. The amount of feeding should be flexibly controlled according to the water quality, weather and feeding conditions. When the water temperature is above 15 ℃, the appetite of Loach increases with the increase of water temperature; when the water temperature is between 25 ℃ and 27 ℃, the appetite is especially exuberant; when it is more than 28 ℃, the appetite gradually decreases; when the water temperature is more than 30 ℃ or less than 12 ℃, the feeding should be reduced or even stopped.

Daily management

1. Adjust the water quality: add new water, change the water once or twice a week, fertilize frequently, keep the pond water color "fat, alive, tender and cool", and the yellowish green color is the best.

2. Patrol the pond: patrol the pond once in the morning, in the middle and in the evening, observe the activity of Loach and the change of water color, and deal with the problems in time.

3. Prevent diseases regularly: clean and clean the bait table frequently, do a good job in disinfection of feed tables and tools, and regularly feed drugs to prevent fish diseases.

4. prevention of damage and escape: pay attention to prevent enemy invasion and Loach escape, and always check the intake outlet and pool ridge.

Disease prevention and cure

1. Bubble disease: caused by insufficient dissolved oxygen, excessive dissolved oxygen or excessive content of other gases in water. The symptom Loach floats on the surface and the belly bulges like bubbles. Prevention and control methods to strengthen daily management to prevent the deterioration of water quality, when the disease, immediately add new water, and 4 kg / mu of salt ~ 6 kg of water sprinkled all over the pond.

2. Rotifer: the symptom disease Loach is thin, often floating on the water surface, anxious, or spinning on the water surface, the body surface mucus increases, and there are rotifers in the microscopic examination. Prevention and treatment methods: the mixture of cupric sulfate and ferrous sulfate (5 ∶ 2) was sprinkled all over the pool with the concentration of 0.7 × 10 ~ 6 solution.

3. Red fin disease: caused by Brevibacterium infection. The fin, abdomen, skin and anus of the diseased Loach are congested and fester, and the caudal and pectoral fins are red and rotten. The control method was sprinkled with bleach with the concentration of 1 × 10 Mel 6 solution in the whole pool. When Misgurnus anguillicaudatus grows to 5 cm in body length, it completes the seedling cultivation stage of Loach and enters the adult Loach culture stage.