Freshwater culture techniques of Penaeus vannamei

Penaeus vannamei, also known as Penaeus vannamei, originating from Peru to Mexico along the Pacific coast of Central and South America, is one of the three best shrimp species known to have the highest yield in the world. In July 1997, Guangxi Freshwater Research Institute successfully carried out desalination culture of Penaeus vannamei, which is now being popularized to the whole country. Penaeus vannamei has outstanding advantages such as high yield, up to 400 jin per mu, high value, 30-40 yuan per jin, strong disease resistance, and generally will not be infected with explosive shrimp disease. This year, our city plans to introduce this variety as an important variety for the development of aquaculture in our city. The main culture techniques are introduced as follows, which can be used as a reference for the majority of aquaculture farmers.

Pond condition

The area is 2-3 mu, the bottom of mud and sand, the water depth is about 2 meters, and the inlet is filtered with 60 mesh sieve silk. Leave 50 cm water before seedling release, clear the pond with quicklime 110 kg / mu and tea meal 32 kg / mu and install a 1.5 kilowatt impeller aerator.

Seedling stocking

Completely desalinate the shrimp fry about 2.1 cm long, pay attention to the use of completely desalinated shrimp fry! It is best to go to the nursery to observe its desalination a few days before purchase in order to buy reassuring seedlings. Turn on the aerator to increase oxygen the day before stocking, and put a small amount of test water before a large number of seedlings are put into the pond. The stocking quantity is 40 fish per square meter, and 30-40 silver carp and bighead carp with 0.25 kg per head are released after one month of stocking.

Culture management

1. Feed: feed feeding should master the principle of "fixed quantity, fixed quality, small amount and more input, specific adjustment". Set up three or four tables in the pond and throw them four times a day half a month after stocking. The daily feeding amount is 5 eggs, 0.2 kg peanut bran, 0.75 kg small fish and 0.3 kg shrimp feed per ten thousand shrimp fry. Three times a day after half a month, mainly fed with compound feed, 30-40% of shrimp weight, properly supplemented with natural bait. The feeding amount decreased gradually with the growth of shrimp.

2. Water quality: although the shrimp seedlings are desalinated, they still have the habit of seawater, so it is necessary to add 50ppm raw salt in the pond before releasing the seedlings, and then add the raw salt in the future. The shrimp fry maintain a water level of 50 cm for a week, and then increase by 5 cm a day until the water depth reaches about 160 cm. Change water by 20% every 4-5 days, and apply 12-15ppm quicklime every 10 to 15 days. In order to provide a good living and growing environment for prawns, some water hyacinth with an area of 20% were transplanted half a month after the shrimp seedlings were put in, and fixed with bamboo to prevent spread everywhere. Turn on the aeration pump at the right time, turn it on at 10:00 in the evening, and shut down at 8:00 the next day. Turn on the machine in time in case of special circumstances (before muggy and heavy rain)!

3. Record: for better breeding and development in the future, it is hoped that the majority of farmers will make daily records, including the growth of prawns, feeding conditions, air temperature and water temperature, etc.

In a word, the culture of Penaeus vannamei has broad prospects and economic benefits.