Culture techniques of lobster

In recent years, lobster, as a kind of leisure food, has become more and more favored by consumers, and the market demand has greatly increased. Lobster has not only become a best-selling aquatic product in China, but also its shrimp, shrimp yellow and whole shrimp exports have also increased rapidly. with the characteristics of small investment, high output, low risk and quick results, lobster has become a new bright spot of enriching farmers and people. Let's take a look at lobster culture technology.

Lobster culture facilities

The area of the pond should be 4 to 10 mu, with a depth of 1 to 1.5 meters and a slope ratio of 1 to 2.5. The bottom of the pond is flat, the bottom material is loam, the soil quality of the pond slope is hard, the water retention of the pond is good, and the water level is easy to be controlled. The water source is abundant and the water quality is pollution-free. According to the pattern of high irrigation and low discharge, the drainage canal should be built so that it can be irrigated and discharged. Crayfish has strong escape ability, so it is necessary to do a good job in the construction of escape prevention facilities. Usually use plastic film or calcium plastic board, around the pool ridge with bamboo piles or wooden piles to support to prevent escape.

Stocking preparation of lobster

1. Clear the pond thoroughly: 20-30 days before stocking, drain the pond water, remove too much silt, renovate the ridge of the pond, use 75 kilograms of quicklime per mu or bleach powder, bleach powder and other drugs to thoroughly clean the pond for disinfection.

2. Apply sufficient basic fertilizer: 500 kilograms of rotten livestock and poultry manure per mu to cultivate rotifer, Cladocera and copepod plankton to provide palatable bait for shrimp seedlings.

3. Planting aquatic plants: verticillium verticillata, Rabdosia malayensis, Elodea and other aquatic plants are planted in the culture pond, accounting for 2% of the area of the shrimp pond. At the same time, set up nets, or set up bamboo tubes, plastic tubes, etc., to provide habitat, molting and concealment for crayfish.

Shrimp breeding of lobster

1. Culture mode

① summer stocking: the first batch of young shrimp hatched in the same year are mainly stocked. The release time is in mid-late July, and the specification of juvenile shrimp is more than 0.8cm. Stocking 30,000 to 40,000 per mu.

② autumn stocking: mainly stocking large size shrimp seedlings or shrimp species cultivated in the same year, and the stocking time is from mid-August to September. The size of shrimp fry is about 1.2cm, and 25000 ~ 30,000 shrimp are stocked per mu. The size of shrimp species is 2.5 to 3 centimeters, and 15000 to 20, 000 shrimp are stocked per mu. A small number of them can reach the listing specifications by the end of the year, and most of them will be caught and listed from June to July of the following year. The commercial shrimp weighs only 25 grams and yields 300 to 500 kilograms per mu.

③ winter and spring stocking: usually in December or March-April of the following year. The shrimp that did not meet the market specifications were mainly stocked in that year, with a specification of 100 million shrimp per kilogram and 15000 to 20, 000 shrimp per mu. After breeding in winter and spring, catching and listing from June to July, commercial shrimp can only weigh up to 30 grams and yield 400 to 500 kilograms per mu.

2. Seedling quality

① specifications are neat: juvenile shrimp specifications are more than 0.8cm, shrimp species specifications are about 3cm. The specifications of shrimp seedlings raised in the same pond should be the same and should be fully released at one time.

② seedling health: seedlings require strong physique, complete appendages, no disease, no injury, and strong vitality.

③ wild domestication: if it is a wild shrimp species, it should be domesticated for a period of time and then released to avoid fighting and killing each other.

3. Points for attention

① winter stocking should be carried out on sunny morning, and summer and autumn stocking on sunny morning or rainy day to avoid sun exposure.

② shrimp species were bathed in 3%-5% salt water for 10 minutes before stocking to kill parasites and pathogenic bacteria.

Shrimp purchased by ③ from other places should be treated slightly before stocking because they have been out of water for a long time. Soak the shrimp in the pond water for 1 minute, lift and set aside for 2-3 minutes, and then soak for 1 minute, so that the shrimp species can absorb enough water on the body surface and Gill cavity before stocking, so as to improve the survival rate.

④ raised crayfish in the pond and mixed some silver carp and bighead carp properly in order to improve the water quality and make full use of bait resources.

Scientific feeding of lobster

1. Nutritional collocation: juvenile and juvenile crayfish feed on rotifer, Cladocera, copepod and aquatic insect larvae, while adult shrimp eat both animal feed and plant feed. After shrimp seedlings and shrimp species are released, fertilizers should be applied timely to improve the water quality. During the rapid growth stage of crayfish from August to October, more wheat bran, bean cake and green feed were fed, and animal feed was fed properly. From November to December, crayfish were mainly fed with animal feed before overwintering.

2. Feeding characteristics: crayfish usually look for food at night, and have the habit of fighting for food and gluttony. Feed should be fed once every morning and once in the afternoon, mainly once in the afternoon, accounting for 70% of the total daily feed. Adopt qualitative, quantitative and regular feeding methods to ensure that each shrimp is full and avoid competing with each other.

3. Environmental impact: the suitable water temperature for the growth of crayfish is 2032 ℃. The food intake of crayfish is large from August to October, and the daily feeding can be arranged as 6%-10% of the body weight of shrimp in the pond, 2%-4% as a whole for dry feed or compound feed, and increase or decrease appropriately according to the weather, water quality and shrimp activities. If the continuous rainy weather or the water quality is too strong, you can feed less and more when the weather is fine. Feed less when a large number of shrimps molt, and feed more after molting. Shrimp should be fed less during the onset season and more when the growth is normal. We should not only make the shrimp eat well, but also reduce the waste and improve the feed utilization rate.

Daily management of lobster

1. The system of patrolling the pool: patrol the pool every day and take countermeasures in time if it is abnormal.

2. Control the water quality: keep the dissolved oxygen content in the shrimp pond above 5 g / L, pH value 7 to 8.5, transparency about 40 cm. Change the water every 15 to 20 days, and each time the water is changed by 1 pound 3. Sprinkle quicklime water every 20 days, with 10 kg of quicklime per mu each time. Keep the water level stable, not from high to low.

3. Molting management: there are always many aquatic plants in shrimp ponds, and interference is strictly prohibited when a large number of shrimps molt. After molting, high-quality palatable feed is fed immediately to prevent each other from killing each other and promote growth.

4. prevention of escape and disease: strengthen inspection in flood season and strictly prevent fleeing shrimp. Do a good job in disease prevention and elimination.

Fishing and transportation of lobster

1. Fishing: it can be concentrated from June to July and from November to December. First use the ground cage net, handmade net and other tools to capture, and finally dry pool capture. You can also catch the big and stay small, and catch them all the year round.

2. Transport: commercial shrimp are usually shipped in Styrofoam boxes, can also be shipped in plastic bags, or in refrigerated trucks. Keep the shrimp moist during transportation and do not squeeze to improve the survival rate of transportation.