Prevention and treatment of Cytomegalovirus infection in Black Dolphin

Guinea pig cytomegalovirus (GCMV) often causes recessive infection in guinea pigs, and its infection characteristics and pathogenesis are very similar to human cytomegalovirus infection, so it is often used as an animal model for human cytomegalovirus infection research.

pathogenic

Guinea pig cytomegalovirus belongs to herpes virus subfamily B of Herpesviridae family and is a double-stranded DNA virus. CMV is relatively stable to ether and repeated freezing and thawing. Long-term storage at-70℃.

epidemiological

CMV can be transmitted by contact and blood, and can also be transmitted vertically through the placenta. It has strict species specificity, rats, mice and other animals are not susceptible.

clinical symptoms

After infection, guinea pigs were mostly recessive and did not show clinical symptoms. Under the experimental conditions, coarse hair and stunting were observed.

pathological

Dissection showed that the spleen of the sick mice was congested and enlarged, the salivary glands were enlarged, and the thymus was retarded. Histology showed degeneration of salivary duct cells, eosinophilic inclusion bodies in nucleus, and infiltration of numerous mononuclear cells and lymphocytes around duct. Spleen scattered focal hemorrhage, neutrophil infiltration. Thymic T cells decreased.

diagnosis and Prevention

The diagnosis of this disease should be based on histological observation of specific eosinophilic inclusion bodies in salivary duct cells. The virus can also be isolated from guinea pig embryo cells and serologically tested for CMV antigen. The prevention of this disease can use CMV attenuated vaccine inoculation of guinea pigs, so that they produce immunity, and then use caesarean section technology to establish a clean group of CMV-free guinea pigs. The CMV free state of guinea pigs was maintained by strict feeding and management measures. Antibiotics can also be administered, such as aureomycin, oxytetracycline, sulfamide trimethoprim or tylosin, for 14 days.