What are the daily nutrients of bamboo rats?

According to the principle of nutrition, feed composition and the needs of growth and development of bamboo rats at each stage, the production performance of bamboo rats can be significantly improved by selecting appropriate feed and feeding scientific methods. In the feeding of bamboo rats, we need to provide bamboo rats with nutrients needed for their physical function, so as to increase the nutrition of bamboo rats and accelerate their growth rate. The following are the nutrients needed by bamboo rats. Let's learn about them.

Protein nutrients

Protein is the material basis of all life. It is the main raw material for tissue renewal and repair, and is very important to its growth and development. There are three types of food protein:

1. Complete protein. Complete protein can not only maintain the health of the body, but also promote growth and development, mainly in milk, protein, fish and all kinds of lean meat.

2. Semi-complete protein. Semi-complete proteins can sustain life, but can not promote growth and development, such as gluten in wheat.

3. Incomplete protein. Incomplete proteins do not provide the amino acids that animals need, and they alone can neither promote growth nor sustain life. For example, collagen in meat skin. The smallest unit of white matter of an amino acid protein, that is, a protein is stored in the body in the form of a polypeptide chain of amino acids. There are essential amino acids in the body, including amino acids, methionine, leucine, isoleucine, threonine, valine, tryptophan and phenylalanine. The relative lack of lipids and complete proteins is the fundamental reason why it is difficult for bamboo rats to grow up.

Carbohydrate nutrients

70% to 80% of the energy in bamboo rats comes from carbohydrates, or carbohydrates. In bamboo mice, sugars are mainly distributed in the liver, muscle, and blood, accounting for less than 1% of the body weight. The main function is to generate heat and maintain life activity and body temperature. If the bamboo rat eats too much sugar, it will be converted into fat in the body and deposited as energy storage; if there is not enough sugar in the diet, the bamboo rat will use the fat in the nose as a source of calories. Therefore, bamboo rats must be provided with sufficient energy feed, such as sugar cane, corn, sweet potato, horse sweet potato and so on, in order to meet the calorie demand of bamboo rats.

Fatty nutrients

Fat is a high-energy substance, its main function is to produce heat energy, which contributes to the absorption and utilization of fat-soluble vitamins (vitamin A / D). However, the energy source of bamboo mice is mainly converted by sugars rather than fat, and most of the fat deposited in bamboo mice is also converted from sugars in feed, so raw rats do not need to supplement a lot of fatty fodder. as long as soybeans and peanuts are properly supplied during the feeding period and winter, accounting for 2% of the beverage. Fat is not easy to digest, can not eat too much, so as to avoid indigestion and cause dysentery.

Mineral nutrients

Minerals are indispensable nutrients for the growth and development and enhancement of disease resistance of bamboo rats, such as calcium, phosphorus, potassium, sodium, chlorine, iron, zinc, copper, manganese, cobalt, molybdenum, selenium, iodine, chromium and so on.

1. Calcium and phosphorus. This is the main composition of bamboo mouse bones, calcium is that bamboo rats contain more minerals, in bones and serum contains a lot of calcium. During pregnancy, the serum calcium of maternal rats was higher than usual. Calcium is needed for cell activity and blood clotting. Calcium and phosphorus exist in bamboo mice in the form of calcium phosphate, and a small part of phosphorus combines with magnesium to form magnesium phosphate in serum, muscle and spirit tissue. If the diet is deficient in calcium and phosphorus, it will cause osteomalacia, soft leg disease, good development of young rats and rickets. Famous legumes and bone meal are rich in calcium and phosphorus, and crop straw also contains a small amount of calcium and phosphorus. There is more phosphorus and less calcium in grains, so attention should be paid to the matching of feed.

2. Sodium and potassium. Found in the body fluids and soft tissues of bamboo rats, it is often combined with chlorine or other non-metallic ion compounds to form straight salts. Their main function is to maintain the pH and osmotic pressure of the blood. Generally, there is no shortage of potassium in feed, and sodium can be supplemented from salt China. Domestic bamboo rats often use salt water mixed with concentrate to supplement sodium.

3. Iron, copper, cobalt. It is an important substance of hematopoiesis. Iron is an important component of hemoglobin, such as iron deficiency will lead to anemia. Red clay contains a lot of iron, legume and Arbor crop seeds and green feed also contain a certain amount of iron. Copper is the catalyst needed for the formation of hemoglobin, such as the lack of copper wall side will affect the normal absorption of iron, at the same time will produce anemia. Cobalt is the main component of vitamin B12, and vitamin B12 can promote hemoglobin regeneration and heme formation, so cobalt deficiency will cause malignant anemia.

4. Manganese, zinc, iodine, sulfur, selenium. The contents of these elements are very small in bamboo rats, but they are also closely related to the normal growth and breeding of bamboo rats.

Vitamin nutrients

There are two kinds of vitamins, fat-soluble and water-soluble; water-soluble vitamins are B1, B2, B6, B12, C, folic acid and so on; fat-soluble are: AD, E, K cluster. B6 and K can be synthesized by bacteria in the intestinal tract of animals, and the amount of synthesis can meet the needs of animals. Vitamin C cannot be synthesized in primates and mice, but it is rich in green plants, and so is folic acid.

water

Water is the best solvent in the body. Bamboo rats are obtained from green feed and succulent feed, so they do not need water to drink directly.