Artificial Culture Technology of Bamboo Rat

Bamboo rat also known as bamboo root pig, also known as awn pig. Dried mammals. Rodents. Bamboo rats. China's wild species are: bamboo rat, Chinese bamboo rat, white bamboo rat three species. It is mainly distributed in Southeast Asia and East Africa. It is also a special wild animal in the southern mountains of Hunan.

Bamboo rat meat is delicate. Lean. High nutritional value. Is a low fat, low cholesterol meat food. And rich in phosphorus, calcium, vitamin E and amino acids. As early as Ming Dynasty. Li Shizhen once recorded in the Compendium of Materia Medica: "Eat its flesh to nourish yin and strengthen yang." The cure." Bamboo rat meat can also be used to treat burns, burns and nameless swelling pain, etc.; fine fur, bright and fine, thick bottom fur, is the best raw material for fur. It is a high-end commodity exported to earn foreign exchange.

morphological characteristics

Bamboo rats are stout. It's cylindrical. The adult body length is about 38cm. Weight 1-3kg, blunt head. The snout is larger. Small eyes. The ear shells are hidden in fur. The limbs are short and stout. The tail is short. Adult back hair color is gray brown well long white pointed needle hair. The coat color on both sides is slightly lighter. The hair on the ventral surface of the body is sparse. Pink skin can be seen through the pilose. Individual individuals may have spots on the chest, the back of the feet and tail hair are grayish brown. The hair color of larvae is darker than that of adults. The whole body is dark gray.

biological characteristics

1, living habits: bamboo rats like to live in a quiet, clean, dry, light, fresh air environment. Wild mainly in mountain slopes in grass and bamboo. Burrowing underground. It's nocturnal. He has a gentle disposition. Male and female inseparable. Living temperature is 8-40℃. The optimum temperature is 11.7-28.5℃.

2. Feeding habits: Bamboo root rat is a herbivorous animal. More than bamboo roots and underground stems (bamboo whip). The seeds and fruits of grass roots and plants feed on.

3. Growth law: Bamboo rats grow faster. The piglets were fed artificially for 2 months from birth to weaning for about 40 days and weighed up to 0.25 kg. Weight up to 1kg, can be sold as commercial pigs.

4. Reproductive habits: young bamboo rats can reproduce when they are sexually mature at 4-5 months old. 4-5 births per year. 4-8 per litter. More than 10 can be found. Pregnancy is about 2 months. After sow delivery. 12-36h after mating with boar. The pregnant rate was 50%-60% and oestrus appeared again at 45 days of lactation. reproduce themselves. Do not startle the sow when giving birth. And you can't hold a piglet in your hand. Otherwise, the sow will not feed her young. Let them starve to death. 25 days after birth. Eyes are open. Can crawl. Except for milk. Young roots, stems, etc of edible plants. Feeding can be done manually.

artificial breeding technology

1. Construction of cages

Small amounts can be fed in large tanks. The bottom of the tank can be padded with soil. Batch feeding. Can use vacant pigsty, cellar, air-raid shelter and common bungalow. Buildings measuring 6m x 4m x 2.8 m in length, width and height shall be used. Cages are placed in two rows and three tiers. 50 pairs of pigs can be raised. The cage size is 90Cm×60cm×30cm, divided into three compartments. Open the door from above or from the front. Such as pond culture. The bricks are built into a specification of 60cm×40cm×25Cm, and one pair is placed in one grid. The inner surface of the pool is smoothed with cement. The underside is also cemented. In case they run.

2. Introduction

For the first time, domesticated bamboo rats should be raised as seed sources, and wild bamboo rat species can also be acquired. However, attention should be paid to the acquisition of brood pairs, and unfamiliar bamboo rats should not be mixed in upright people. All seed sources should be strong and disease-free without trauma. Do not purchase wild pigs with pinch, injury or sleeve injury. Because of the injured wild seed source, it needs to be domesticated for a period of time at the beginning. When it first arrives at the breeding cage (pool), it does not adapt to the domestic environment. It is very afraid of the surroundings and does not think about food. In addition, it is easy to die due to injury.

3. Feeding

In captivity. Can feed Yuncao, sugarcane, bamboo stems (roots), grass roots, potato, alpinia, corn steamed bread, melon peel (shell). It is now based on feeding standards. Formulated feed was developed. Its formula is: corn flour 55%, wheat bran 20%, bean cake 15%. 3% bone meal, 7% fish meal. 0.5% salt and growth agent are added according to the total weight. The feed is made into corn and fed. Add a small amount of minerals and vitamins. Because bamboo rats are nocturnal animals, mostly nocturnal activities. Feeds should be fed less in the morning and more in the afternoon. The monthly feed consumption of young bamboo rats is 20-25g. 250g of grass or bamboo leaves and branches should also be fed.

4. Feeding management measures

① Temperature should be relatively stable. Winter is 7 - 10 ° C. The room temperature of litter is 17-20℃. Summer room temperature should be below 27℃. More than 32 ° C. Cooling measures should be taken.

2 humidity to maintain indoor relative humidity of 50% to 60%, the ground requirements dry. No standing water.

Feed should be fed in batches. Don't feed me. The feed that cannot be eaten should be cleaned up in time on the 2nd day to avoid animals from eating spoiled feed and getting sick.

Remove feces frequently. To keep the cage (pool) clean: usually add grass (bamboo) when feeding. No need to add water. Moreover, the moisture content of the feed should not be too high; attention should be paid to closing the door of the cage to prevent escape. Dogs are not allowed to be kept in the farm so as not to disturb others. 4. Sows bred for about 120 days and boars for 140 days were sexually mature, i.e. capable of breeding. Sows have a sexual cycle of 30-50 days, with an average of 41 days. The estrous period lasts 2- 3 days. When oestrus activity enhancement, sometimes visible in the cage rolling, from time to time and boar tease by play, or climb across boar, or genital swelling. Boars have no obvious order of sexual cycle changes. They breed all year round.

(5) Artificial breeding, using a male and a female for cage (pool) mixed breeding, self-mating. After sow insemination, there is a plug like bright plug at the vaginal opening, which is a mixture of boar seminal vesicles and prostate secretion. The presence or absence of embolism can be used to determine whether the sow has been mated. Embolization at the vaginal orifice prevents sperm from slipping out for fertilization purposes. Bamboo rats have the habit of mating with boars 12-36h after birth. Using this breeding habit greatly improves the fertility rate. Bamboo rat breeding is male and female domesticated can be mixed together when breeding, can not be casually inbreeding, distant relatives mating. Once not cage, you can not breed together, so as not to bite each other to death.

5. Disease prevention

Bamboo rats have strong disease resistance and rarely get sick. However, due to feed, feeding management and other reasons, the following diseases can be seen:

① constipation in the early stage of mild loss of food, reduced defecation, dry and fine fecal balls, often accompanied by high fever, a long period of illness, decreased appetite, refused to eat, listlessness, gradually thin. 5-10ml vegetable oil (rape oil, peanut oil, rape oil, etc.) can be administered.

② Diarrhea symptoms are diarrhea, anus and hind limbs are contaminated by loose feces, head drooping at the beginning, eyes listless, tail dragging on the floor, slow behavior. Sulfonamides can be taken orally, or oxytetracycline. Add some 2-3 year old bamboo.

3. The symptoms of flatulence are stomach swelling, lack of spirit and atrophy in cages. This disease is common in piglets after weaning. Treatment can be oral sulfonamide drugs, another to promote the sick pig running, often can recover by themselves.

④ The symptoms of hair eating disease are self-biting or mutual biting. The treatment can be treated with intramuscular injection of compound vitamins and anti-inflammatory cream for trauma to prevent inflammation.

For more information on bamboo rat diseases, please read the article "Ten Common Diseases Prevention and Control of Bamboo Rat Breeding".