The reproductive mode of yeast

Yeast is a general term for unicellular fungi of several families, such as ascomycetes and basidiomycetes, which generally refers to all kinds of single-celled fungi that can ferment sugars. The mode of reproduction is divided into two categories: asexual reproduction and sexual reproduction. Asexual reproduction includes budding, cleavage and sprouting. There are ascospores in sexual reproduction. Let's take a look at these reproductive ways of yeast.

Budding

Budding is the main way for asexual reproduction of yeast. First of all, the centrosome adjacent to the nucleus produces a small process, and at the same time, due to the decomposition of cell wall polysaccharides by hydrolase, the cell wall becomes thinner, the cell surface protrudes outward, and small buds emerge gradually. Then, part of the enlarged and elongated nucleus, cytoplasm and organelles (such as mitochondria, etc.) enter the bud, and finally the bud cell gets a whole set of nuclear matter, mitochondria, ribosome, vacuole and so on from the mother cell. When the bud grows to the normal size, it is separated from the mother cell and becomes an independent cell.

Fission colonization

Fission is a common way of asexual reproduction, that is, the mother divides into two (dichotomous) or multiple (multiple) new individuals of the same size and shape. There are a few types of yeasts that, like bacteria, form two daughters like their mother by cell division (transverse or longitudinal division).

Bud crack

The mother cells of yeast always sprout at one end and form a diaphragm at the bud base, and the daughter cells are bottle-shaped, which is rare.

Spores

When the nutritional status of yeasts is poor, some yeasts that can reproduce sexually will form spores (usually four) and germinate when the conditions are right. Some yeasts, such as Candida, or Candida, cannot reproduce sexually.