What day is the Beginning of Summer?

Summer is the seventh solar term in the twenty-fourth solar term of the lunar calendar. The first solar term of summer indicates the official beginning of summer season. When the sun reaches 45 degrees of the Yellow Meridian, it is the beginning of summer. In astronomy, summer indicates that it is about to bid farewell to spring and is the beginning of summer. People are accustomed to regard summer as an important solar term in which the temperature rises obviously, the summer heat is approaching, the thunderstorm increases and the crops enter the peak season.

What month and day is summer?

The summer time of 2016 is 09:41:50 on May 5, 2016, and the lunar calendar is March 29, 2016. The beginning of summer in 2017 is 15:30:59 on May 5, 2017, the tenth day of April (big) in lunar calendar 2017.

Summer solar term temperature

According to the climatological standard, the daily average temperature rises steadily above 22℃ as the beginning of summer. Around the beginning of summer, only the south of Fuzhou to Nanling line in China really enters summer, while some areas in northeast and northwest have just entered spring at this time. The average temperature in most parts of the country is around 18~20℃. The temperature in the rest of South China is about 20℃, while the temperature in the low-altitude valley is as early as the middle of April, and the temperature has reached 24℃ or above in the beginning of summer.

Characteristics of rain in summer

After the beginning of summer, Jiangnan officially entered the rainy season, rainfall and rain increased obviously every day, continuous rain not only led to crop moisture damage. It also causes the spread of many diseases. Wheat heading and flowering is the most susceptible period of scab infection. If warm but rainy weather is expected in the future, spraying should be carried out from the beginning of flowering to the full flowering stage. Cotton in the south often causes anthracnose, blight and other diseases to break out under the weather conditions of continuous rain or sudden warm and cold, resulting in large areas of dead seedlings and lack of seedlings. Necessary measures should be taken in time to increase temperature and reduce humidity, and with chemical control, in order to preserve seedlings.

Before and after summer, the temperature in North China and Northwest China rose rapidly, but the precipitation was still not much. In addition, it was windy in spring, evaporation was strong, the atmosphere was dry and the soil was dry, which often seriously affected the normal growth of crops. Especially, the dry and hot wind before and after wheat filling and milk ripening is an important disastrous weather leading to yield reduction, and timely irrigation is the key measure of drought resistance and disaster prevention. "Hoeing everywhere for three days in the beginning of summer", when weeds grow very fast,"one day does not hoe, three days can not hoe." Intertillage weeding can not only remove weeds, drought and waterlogging, but also improve soil temperature and accelerate the decomposition of soil nutrients. It is of great significance to promote the healthy growth of cotton, corn, sorghum, peanut and other crops at seedling stage.

After summer is the key period for planting early rice in a large area, and the sooner or later rain comes and the amount of rainfall in this period are closely related to the future harvest. As the peasant proverb says,"summer does not fall, plows and harrows hang high." "No rain in summer, no rice in the head." There is also a folk custom of weighing for fear of summer heat. There is also a custom of drinking tea in the beginning of summer in Jiangxi. It is said that if you don't drink tea in the beginning of summer, you will suffer all summer.

The custom of solar terms in summer

1, the summer ceremony: "summer""summer" means "big", refers to the spring sowing plants have grown upright. In ancient times, people attached great importance to the etiquette of summer. On the day of the beginning of summer, the ancient emperors would lead civil and military officials to the southern suburbs of the capital to welcome summer and hold a ceremony to welcome summer. The monarch and his subjects all wore red dresses with red jade pendants. Even the horses and flags of the chariots should be scarlet to express their prayers for harvest and good wishes. In the palace,"establish summer ice, give civil and military ministers." Ice was stored the previous winter and given to all officials by the emperor.

2. New taste activities: There are also new taste and other festival activities in the summer of later generations. For example, Suzhou has a proverb of "seeing three new in summer". The three new are cherries, green plum and wheat, which are used to worship ancestors. In Changshu, taste new food is more abundant, there is a "nine meat thirteen elements" said, nine meat for crucian carp, salted eggs, snails, extinguished (that is, put on a slow fire to cook, a cooking method, with a variety of spices processing and become extinguished chicken) chicken, pickled fresh, marinated shrimp, cherry meat, thirteen elements including cherry, plum, wheat silkworm (new wheat kneaded into thin strips cooked), bamboo shoots, broad beans, spear needles, peas, cucumbers, lettuce, grass head, radish, roses, pine flowers. In Nantong, they eat boiled chicken and duck eggs.

3. Egg fighting game: At noon that day, every household cooked eggs (eggs cooked with shells, can not be damaged), soaked in cold water for a few minutes, then put on a woven silk bag and hang it on the child's neck. The children will be in groups of three or five, playing egg games. The egg is divided into two ends, the sharp one is the head, and the round one is the tail. When fighting eggs, the head of the egg fights the head of the egg, and the tail of the egg hits the tail of the egg. One by one, the winner would admit defeat and finally, the winner would be determined. The winner of the egg head is the first, the egg is called the king, the winner of the egg tail is the second, and the egg is called the small king or the second king.

4."Weighing people" in the beginning of summer: there is still the custom of weighing people after eating lunch in the beginning of summer. People hang a large wooden scale at the entrance of the village or the platform gate, hang a stool from the scale hook, and everyone takes turns to sit on the stool to weigh people. The weighing man said auspicious words as he weighed flowers. The old man said,"Weigh 87 flowers and live to 91." The girl said,"One hundred and five pounds, the councilman's family came to the door." Don't be unwilling, don't be partial, there's fate for the number one scholar." The child said,"The child will grow up and grow up." The seventh commandment is not easy, and the ninth commandment is easy." Scale flowers can only be played inside (that is, from decimal to large), can not be played outside.