What does Xanthium use to spread seeds?

Xanthium sibiricum is an annual herb of the genus Xanthium of Compositae, up to 1 meter high, the whole plant is poisonous, and its fruit, especially seeds, is toxic. It is native to America and East Asia, widely distributed in most of Europe and parts of North America, wild in hillsides, grasslands, roadsides, etc., and is distributed all over China. Let's take a look at how Xanthium spreads seeds.

What does Xanthium use to spread seeds?

Xanthium sibiricum spreads seeds by animals. There are many thorns on the surface of Xanthium sibiricum seeds, and the seeds are easy to fall off after maturation. when people or animals touch mature Xanthium seeds, the thorns are easily hooked on people or animals, and they are taken by people or animals to other places to spread.

Cultivation techniques of Xanthium sibiricum

1. Soil selection: Xanthium likes warm and slightly humid climate. It is suitable to choose loose, fertile and well drained sandy loam for cultivation. Resistant to drought and barren. Henan germinated in late April, emerged from May to June, flowered from July to September, and matured from September to October. Heilongjiang seedlings emerged in the early and middle of May, flowered in the middle and late July, and the seeds matured in the middle and last ten days of August. Seeds are easily mixed into crop seeds. The root system is developed, and it is deep in the soil, so it is not easy to remove and pull out.

2. Propagation methods: seed propagation, direct seeding or seedling transfer. Direct seeding in April according to the plant distance of 45 cm × 45 cm, hole depth of 6 cm 8 cm, each hole sowed about 5, covered with soil, slightly suppressed, watered. The seedling transplanting method usually raises seedlings from March to April. After sowing, the seedlings are about 10 cm high, with 3-4 plants at a time.

3. Field management: seedling height 10 cm time seedling, replenish seedling, leave 2-3 seedlings in each hole. Loosen the soil and weed 2 or 3 times a year, combined with topdressing human feces and urine or urea. In the prevention and control of diseases and insect pests, it is necessary to reasonably rotate crops and clear seeds, and at the same time use herbicides such as herbicides such as fenoxone, oxazone, lactofluazine, prometryne, chlorotoluron, fluorosulfen, simazine and so on.

The way plants spread seeds

1. Wind transmission: the plants that spread seeds by wind include dandelion, poplar, willow, Yu and maple, such as common dandelion and willow, which spread their seeds to the distance by wind.

2. Animal transmission: plants that rely on animals to spread seeds include persimmons, achyranthes bidentata, Fructus mandshurica, Xanthium sibiricum, ghost needles, and so on. After fruits such as grapes and persimmons are eaten by birds or beasts, the seeds will be excreted along with the feces and play a role of transmission. As soon as the fruit or seed of some plants touches it, it hangs firmly on animal fur or human clothing and is spread to a distance, such as Xanthium sibiricum, Bidens bipinnata and so on. Birds can help spread the seeds. The birds swallow the seeds into their stomachs, then they are excreted by bird droppings, and the seeds can be spread to new places.

3. Mechanical transmission: plants that rely on mechanical transmission of seeds include impatiens, peas, sesame and so on. The fruit of impatiens will crack, sending bullets in all directions, and many legumes spread their seeds mechanically.

4. Water transmission: the plants that spread their seeds by running water are coconut and lotus. After the coconut is ripe, the coconut falls into the sea and floats far away with the sea. When the fruit of the water lily is ripe, it sinks to the bottom of the water. After the pericarp is rotten, the seed with a spongy outer seed coat will float and float to other places.