How does hail form?

Hail is one of the common natural disasters, usually in a hot summer, suddenly dark clouds roll, lightning and thunder, instant, rain with hail, fall everywhere, from the cloud hail as small as beans, as big as eggs, destroyed crops and fruit trees, resulting in human and animal casualties, do you know how hail is formed?

In fact, hail and thunderstorm are from the same house, both from cumulonimbus clouds, but the cumulonimbus clouds that produce hail are particularly strong. Such cumulonimbus clouds are called hail clouds.

Cumulonimbus clouds are caused by strong convection of the air, which is the product of the instability of the air. The hail cloud is very thick, can reach more than ten kilometers, and the temperature at the top of the cloud is very low, below-40 ℃. At that time, the air contained a lot of water vapor, and the lower atmosphere was heated by the ground heated by the sun, forming a very unstable column of air under heat and cold to produce strong convection.

The updraft in the hail cloud is very strong and can reach more than 20 meters per second. As the air in the cloud rises, it lowers the temperature, and a large amount of water vapor condenses into water droplets, which grow and freeze to form transparent ice balls, which is a kind of hail embryo.

The updraft is enough to support the increased hail embryo in the cloud. With the rise and fall of the air flow, it constantly merges with snowflakes and small water droplets along the way to form ice with alternating layers of transparency and opacity. When it increases to a certain extent and the updraft cannot be supported, it falls to the ground. This is the truth of a hail.

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