The cultivation of red fruit in bonsai, a poisonous pure ornamental plant, increases the festive atmosphere.

Four seasons fruit

Siji fruit is a woody plant, evergreen shrub, erect, plant height up to 40 cm, smooth glabrous, leaves alternate, oblong; flowers white, fruit is red when mature, round, more than 1 cm in diameter. Alias: coral cherry, Jiqing fruit, coral son, jade coral, red coral, wild spicy eggplant, wild sea pepper, mountain red bead.

The whole plant of Siji fruit is poisonous, and the leaf is more toxic than the fruit. The symptoms of poisoning were dizziness, nausea, drowsiness, severe abdominal pain and dilated pupils. But as long as you don't take it in large quantities, you'll be fine just to watch.

Morphological characteristics

Erect shrubs, much branched into clusters, cultivated for 1-2 years. The plant height is 30ml / 60cm. Leaves alternate, narrowly oblong to oblanceolate. Summer and autumn flowering, flowers small, white, axillary.

Berry: deep orange-red when ripe, globose, 1Mel 1.5 cm in diameter. After flowering, the fruit will not fall for a long time, but it can be retained on the branches until after the Spring Festival. There are dwarf species cultivated, and the plant shape is short and much branched. Berries, seeds are small, very much like chili seeds. The fruit is widely oval in shape and pointed at the front end.

Growing environment

Not cold-resistant, like warm, humid, sunny environment, the soil requires loose, fertile, well-drained slightly acidic soil, rich in phosphate fertilizer to make fruit for a long time, pot plants should be heart-picked to promote more branches, flowers and fruits.

Any of various plants of the genus Solanaceae, perennial woody, erect, uncontrolled plants up to 40 cm tall, smooth glabrous, leaves alternate, oblong; flowers white, fruit red at maturity, globose, more than 1 cm in diameter.

In the greenhouse in spring or in the outdoor seedbed in autumn in October, the overwintering temperature in winter is about 5 ℃-10 ℃ to prevent excessive low temperature.

Reproduction method

Soil management

We should do a good job in deep turning and expanding holes and ripening the soil, prohibit the planting of tall plants such as corn and wheat in the garden, and do a good job in rational intercropping and weeding.

Fertilizer and water management

The main results are as follows: (1) the principle of fertilization: the needs of various nutrient elements of blood orange should be fully met, and more organic fertilizer, rational application of inorganic fertilizer and formula fertilizer should be advocated. Fertilization was guided according to the results of leaf analysis, orchard soil analysis and blood orange phenology.

(2) fertilization method: soil fertilization is the main method, combined with foliar fertilization. The methods of ring ditch application, furrow application, hole application and soil surface fertilizer application were adopted.

(3) fertilization for young trees: frequent application of thin fertilizer, mainly nitrogen fertilizer, combined application of phosphorus and potassium fertilizer, 5-6 times in spring, summer and autumn shoot emergence period, (March, May, June, July, September and December, 0.4 jin of ammonium bicarbonate or 0.2 jin of urea per plant. The annual application of pure nitrogen per young tree for 1-3 years is 100-400g, and the ratio of nitrogen, phosphorus and potassium is 1.0: (0.4-0.5): 1.0. Adult trees should be fertilized for four times, that is, sprouting fertilizer, fruit protection fertilizer, strong fruit fertilizer and fruit picking fertilizer. Generally speaking, the amount of fertilizer applied is 2-3 jin chemical fertilizer, 1 load of dung water, 1-2 jin phosphate-potassium fertilizer + 1-2 jin chemical fertilizer, 1-2 jin chemical fertilizer + 1-2 jin phosphorus-potassium fertilizer, and 50-100 jin organic fertilizer + 1-2 jin chemical fertilizer.

(4) moisture: irrigation when the soil is dry and drainage when stagnant water. Shaping and pruning

1. Principle. According to local conditions, tree pruning, proper promotion and suppression, ventilation and light transmission, three-dimensional results.

2. Plastic surgery (natural happy shape). The dry height is 20-40cm, the main branches (3-4 branches) are scattered on the trunk, the angle of the main branches is 30 °- 50 °, and there are 2-3 secondary branches on each main branch. Generally speaking, after the formation of the third main branch, the central trunk of the class is cut off and twisted to one side as the fruiting branch group.

3. Pruning.

(1) Young trees: light pruning is dominant. After the elongated branches in the center of the class and the main branches and secondary branches were selected, the elongated branches were cut moderately or severely, and the growth balance among the main branches was adjusted by the degree of truncation and the direction of cutting buds. Except for the proper thinning and deletion of over-dense branches, the inner bore branches and the weaker branches in the middle and lower part of the crown should generally be retained.

(2) early fruiting stage: continue to select short-cut treatment of all levels of backbone extension branches, erase summer shoots and promote strong autumn shoots. Measures such as ring cutting, root cutting and water control are adopted to promote flowers for prosperous trees in autumn.

(3) full fruit period: timely retraction of fruiting branch group, falling flower fruiting branch group and declining branch group, cutting off light-blocking branches, withered branches, disease and insect branches.

Pest control

Mites

Citrus red spiders, four-spotted yellow spiders, ticks. Before and after flowering (March-May) and autumn (September-November) are the key periods for the control of red spiders: the population density of red spiders is 1-2 per leaf before flowering and 5-6 per leaf after flowering and autumn. Spring shoot initiation stage, young fruit stage and fruit expansion stage are the main periods for the control of planthopper: ferruginous color appears on the back of spring shoot leaves, and immediate control occurs when the population density of leaves or fruits reaches 2-3 per leaf. The commonly used agents are thiazox, paraben, alkyne, bromoacarate, dimethomide, etc., and pay attention to protect natural enemies such as long-whisker mites, blunt mites, mites and ladybugs, Japanese beetles and lacewings.

Scale

(sagittal scale, red wax scale, cotton blowing scale, etc.) The key period of drug control: the sagittal tip scale is the first generation nymph stage, the red wax scale is the larval stage, a large number of upper shoots are the damage period (usually from the first and middle of May to the middle of June), and the cotton blowing scale is the larval stage. Commonly used agents such as thiazinone, methamphetamidophos, matrine + nicotine, Lesbon, oil emulsion and so on. Pay attention to improving the ventilation and light transmission conditions in the garden, and protect and utilize the natural enemies such as Japanese beetle, red ladybug, lacewing, golden aphid wasp, Australian ladybug, red ladybug and so on.

Aphids

The damage rate of new shoots is up to 25%, so it should be sprayed immediately. Commonly used agents are chloramidine, dimethoate, butylthiocarb and so on. Attention should be paid to the protection of ladybugs, lacewings, aphid flies, aphid wasps, etc., cut off overwintering eggs and reduce the base of pests.

Leaf miner

The key period of prevention and control is summer and autumn shoot emergence period (early and middle July). Timely erase sporadic summer and autumn shoots, combined with fertilizer and water management to make the new shoots of the plant strong and neat. Chemical control: spray the new shoots to 1-2cm, once in 7-10 days, 2-3 times in a row. The commonly used agents are avermectin, shamindan, cyhalothrin and so on.

Flower bud maggot

When budding, fine soil such as diazinon powder and diazinon granules were mixed and sprinkled on the surface of tree plate soil, once every 7 days, 2-3 times in a row; when the diameter of flower buds was 2-3mm (now white), spray crowns such as parathion and trichlorfon were selected; the damaged buds were removed as early as possible, buried deeply or boiled, and some overwintering insect pupae could be eliminated by turning deep into the garden soil in winter.

Red spider

Control measures: spraying garlic juice and a small amount of soapy water synthetic liquid spraying on the insect body can be effectively suppressed!

Cultivation techniques

Before sowing, the seeds were soaked in warm water for 8 hours and covered with soil of about 0.4 cm. After growing 4 leaves, the seedlings could be divided. The seedlings were transplanted or changed in pots with a height of 10 Murray 12 cm, and properly watered and fertilized during the growth period.

Main value

It is mainly used as an ornamental plant and cultivated as a bonsai in the south. Decorative applications: small and medium-sized potted plants. The ripening period coincides with New Year's Day, and during the Spring Festival, it is displayed on several shelves in the hall and on the windowsill, which can increase the festive atmosphere.