The rescue method of nux vomica poisoning

Nux vomica, also known as soft-shelled turtle, crow eye, etc., is the dry and mature seed of nux vomica or Yunnan nux vomica, which has the effect of dredging collaterals and relieving pain, dispersing knots and detumescence. It mainly treats rheumatic stubborn arthralgia, numbness, paralysis, fall injury, carbuncle swelling pain, rheumatoid joint pain and other diseases, but its sex is so toxic that it is easy to cause poisoning if it is not used properly. Let's take a look at the rescue methods of nux vomica poisoning.

Poisoning mechanism of nux vomica

Nux vomica mainly contains strychnine (strychnine) and brucine, both of which are highly toxic, mainly neurotoxicity. Brucine prevents cholinesterase from destroying acetylcholine, which retains in the tissue and excites the whole central nervous system. The toxic dose of brucine can cause transfinite inhibition in the cerebral cortex, cause significant hyperactivity of spinal cord reflex excitement and special tonic spasm, and often die of asphyxiation due to ankylosing contraction of respiratory muscles. Brucine at a high dose can block neuromuscular conduction and show an arrow-like effect.

Poisoning symptoms of nux vomica

The early clinical symptoms and signs of nux vomiting poisoning include dizziness, dizziness, chest tightness, nausea, vomiting, general itching, pain, burning, abdominal pain, restlessness, slow heartbeat, elevated blood pressure, increased breathing, cramping sensation of masseter and neck muscles, dysphagia, rapid breathing, pupil narrowing, systemic tightness, etc., followed by extreme contraction of both extensor and flexor muscles (to be distinguished from tetanus) Then there are the typical symptoms of strychnine poisoning, from clonic to ankylosis, convulsion symptoms can be more than 10 minutes to several hours, lasting a few seconds to a few minutes, any stimulation can cause convulsions to occur again, muscle relaxation after convulsions. Severe poisoning can cause medulla oblongata paralysis and death due to respiratory paralysis, asphyxia or heart failure or ventricular fibrillation.

Rescue of nux vomica poisoning

1. Avoid stimulation: lie still in the darkroom to avoid sound and light stimulation.

2. Protect the airway and control convulsions: immediately control convulsions with diazepam, phenobarbital, phenytoin sodium and other drugs, or 10% chloral hydrate retention enema.

3. Reduce the absorption of poison and accelerate the elimination of poison: after controlling the convulsion and protecting the airway, those who are poisoned by oral intake can insert gastric tube to lavage stomach, and activated carbon can be infused after gastric lavage.

4. Muscle relaxation: if the spasm is difficult to control, muscle relaxant can be used on the basis of endotracheal intubation and artificial ventilation.

5. symptomatic and supportive treatment: such as maintaining the balance of water and electrolytes, correcting acidosis, maintaining adequate urine volume, and protecting renal function.

Prevention of nux vomica poisoning

1. Strictly control the dose: when taking nux vomica preparation, the content of strychnine should be controlled at about 6mg for one time, which is the key to avoid poisoning.

2. Must be prepared in accordance with the law: Strychnos nux vomica internal service must be processed, no matter sand scalding or deep frying, the heat should be well mastered, the efficacy will be reduced if it is too hot, if it is too tender, it will be toxic, and it will be poisoned easily after taking it.

3. Firmly grasp the usage: Strychnos nux vomica must be taken on the premise of syndrome differentiation, processed in accordance with the law and taken into the pill powder to strictly prevent misuse and abuse.

4. The initial dose should not be too large: because the best effective dose of nux vomica is very close to the toxic dose, it should be increased gradually from a small dose. If there is tongue numbness, tight lips, mild headache, dizziness, mild convulsions of muscles all over the body, it should be taken immediately.

5. When taking medicine: taking it before going to bed can reduce side effects, but getting up at night should be supported by someone.

6. Detoxification: Strychnos nux vomica is fried with licorice or sappan wood, which can reduce or alleviate the toxicity of nux vomica.

7. Correctly judge the curative effect: some active ingredients of nux vomica are toxic ingredients themselves. Such as brucine and brucine, the toxicity is large, the safety range is small, and oral absorption is fast. When the dose increases gradually from small to small, it must first show the curative effect and then appear toxic reaction.

8. Pay attention to individual differences: there may be differences in individual tolerance and response to nux vomica, especially when taking drugs.

9. Reasonable compatibility of drugs: in clinic, the drug is mostly used in compound prescription. According to clinical observation, the drug combined with a large dose of Radix Paeoniae Alba, Radix Paeoniae Alba, etc., can reduce its toxicity and reduce the occurrence of adverse reactions.

10, guard against the accumulation of poisons: nux vomica excretion is slow, in the long-term use to guard against its toxic accumulation, if long-term use, can consider intermittent withdrawal of drugs.

11. note for external use: nux vomica must also be processed for external use, otherwise it is more irritating to the skin and can easily cause allergic reactions, and the dosage should not be too large for external use, otherwise it may also cause poisoning of nux vomica.