Cultivation techniques and video guidance of ginseng fruit

Life fruit, also known as Jinshen fruit, originated in South America, is a treasure of fruit, fleshy and juicy. Because it is rich in nutrients and contains selenium and other trace elements, it is known as the "anti-cancer king". This variety has a broad market and remarkable economic and social benefits. it is becoming a hot project to get rich in rural areas and a new growth point to promote the rural economy.

Biological characteristics

1. Morphological characteristics.

Belongs to perennial herbaceous Solanaceae, plant height 100cm, crown diameter 60cm, life span about 8 years, fruit is golden yellow, single plant hang fruit 20 ~ 30, the highest 50, single fruit weight 200g ~ 500g, mature fruit can hang on branches for 3 ~ 4 months without fruit drop, annual per mu yield 2000kg~5000kg.

2. Growth conditions

It can grow normally above 5 ℃, blossom and bear fruit continuously under the condition of 15 ℃ ~ 35 ℃, and usually hang fruit in four seasons in the greenhouse. Open field cultivation can also hang fruit more than 2 times a year. Indoor potted plants can also beautify the environment.

Soil preparation and fertilization

Dig deep into the land and apply sufficient fertilizer. Farm fertilizer 3000kg, phosphate fertilizer 50kg, plant ash 100kg or appropriate amount of potassium fertilizer were applied per mu. But urea and carbon ammonia should not be used.

Cuttage seedling

The fruit of life is mainly asexual reproduction, in which the cutting method of seedling bed is the easiest, and the seedlings raised before the end of June can bear fruit in the same year. The seedling bed is 1.5m wide and several meters long. Wet the bed with dung water and insert the branches into 3.5cm. The plant row spacing is 5cm × 10cm. It takes about 6 days to take root, dung water once a week, and seedlings can be transplanted or sold in 45 days. The transplanting time is chosen in the afternoon. The plant row spacing is about 2500 plants in 50cm × 50 cm and 667 m2. At the depth of transplanting, the soil must cover more than three branches of the seedling and be watered with light dung water immediately after planting.

Field management

1. Topdressing and watering

Should be watered once on the third day after transplanting, in order to water at the right time according to the situation. Pay attention to ploughing and weeding and apply light dung water every 15 days. Spraying foliar fertilizer and plant growth hormone every 15 days during flowering and fruit hanging is beneficial to early flowering and fruiting.

2. Planting and pruning

After transplanting survived, some weak seedlings and diseased seedlings should be dug up in time. The sprouting ability of ginseng fruit branches is very strong, and countless branchlets grow at the base of each leaf. Except that 4 ~ 10 branches are left as fruit branches in each plant, the rest are cut off once every 10 days, and the young leaves per mu are cut as much as 3000kg every year, which can be used as livestock fodder.

3. Tower reinforcement

Ginseng fruit has a lot of fruit, and the branches are too heavy to bear, so the branches must be fixed with bamboo towers.

4. Pest control

The main results are as follows: (1) Clenbuterol can be sprayed when dwarf disease occurs when the plant is not growing.

(2) carbendazim, methyl topiramate and Phytophthora can be used to control rot and Phytophthora caused by microorganisms.

(3) insecticides such as propargite, methotrexate or DDV can be used for foliar spray control of red spiders and aphids, but the use of dimethoate is strictly forbidden, because ginseng fruit is particularly sensitive to this drug and can produce destructive drug damage.

5. Survive the winter safely

Ginseng fruit can survive the winter safely in tropical and subtropical areas, plastic film can be used in temperate zones, and should be planted in greenhouse in cold regions.

Harvest and utilization

Ginseng fruit takes 3 ~ 5 months from cutting to harvest, and the picked fruit can be stored at room temperature for about 50 days, so the fruit is on the market all the year round. It is not only a treasure of fruit and a vegetable with unique flavor, but also can be processed into fruit juice beverage and canned food.