Planting techniques of passionflower

Passionflower is a perennial evergreen climbing woody vine of passionflower family, also known as Passion Fruit, Brazil Fruit, enthusiastic Fruit, Passion Fruit, etc., native to Brazil, and later planted in South America, South Africa, Southeast Asian countries, Australia and the South Pacific. China is cultivated in Guangxi, Jiangxi, Sichuan, Yunnan and other places. Let's take a look at the planting techniques of passionflower.

Growth habits of passionflower

Passionflower is native to South America and is commonly cultivated in tropical and subtropical areas. it is a tropical and subtropical fruit with a light, sunny and warm climate. Strong adaptability, lax requirements on the soil, before and after the house, mountains, roadside can be planted, but rich in organic matter, loose, deep soil layer, good drainage, sunny garden growth is the best, avoid stagnant water, not resistant to drought, should keep the soil moist.

Cultivated varieties of passionflower

1. Purple fruit species: passionflower purple fruit has a purplish red pericarp and turquoise branches, which is suitable for planting in cool summer at an altitude of 300 to 500 meters, but not suitable for cultivation in the Pearl River Delta or south of the Pearl River Delta with high temperature in summer.

2. Yellow fruit species: passionflower yellow fruit species have strong adaptability, larger fruit, higher yield, better quality, higher juice yield, but poor cold tolerance, and some varieties have the phenomenon of self-flowering and sterility, which need artificial pollination.

Breeding methods of passionflower

1. Sowing: seed reproduction can be carried out all the year round, but it is better to sow in spring and autumn. Generally, the plants with strong growth, no diseases and insect pests, high and stable yield are selected as the mother plant, the fruit with correct shape, heavier and fully ripe fruit is picked, the seeds are taken out, the residue is washed and dried, and then sown. Sow 1 kg of seeds with carbendazim 10: 20 grams for about 20 minutes, then spread the seeds evenly on the seedbed, cover with a thin layer of grass, drench in enough water, and transplant when the seedlings grow 4 true leaves.

2. Striping: it is suitable for striping propagation from February to March in spring, the branches on the mother plant are pressed into the soil or wrapped in soil to form adventitious roots, and then the branches above the adventitious roots are separated from the mother plant to form an independent new plant. In order to interrupt the downward transport of organic matter such as sugar, auxin and other substances from the upper end of leaves and branches, so that these substances accumulate in the upper part of the treatment for rooting, ring peeling can be carried out.

3. Cutting: the suitable cutting time is from February to March in spring, or in autumn. One-year-old vine with strong growth and maturity was selected as cutting material. After cutting, the cuttings were soaked in Abr rooting powder 25 mg / kg aqueous solution for 30 minutes, and then the cuttings were cultivated in a nutrition bag with a diameter of 8 cm × 12 cm. The cutting depth reached 2 step 3 of the cutting length, and it took about 3 to 4 months for the cuttings to be cut out of the nursery.

Planting method of passionflower

1. Soil: passionflower planting soil should choose sandy loam with fertile soil, loose texture, good air permeability, heavy clayey soil, tight sandy soil, cold sandy soil and places that are easy to scour, not suitable for planting or improved planting. The suitable pH value of soil is neutral and slightly acidic below pH7.0.

2. Planting: when planting passionflower seedlings, the old leaves should be cut off properly, and the nutrition bag should be broken and taken out and should not be buried in the soil. When fixing the seedlings, mix the appropriate amount of mature organic fertilizer with sandy loam soil to make planting soil or cover soil. When planting, we should straighten out the root system, fill the soil layer by layer, and tighten the compaction. Water the roots in time after planting. In the newly dug planting hole, the root neck of the seedling was slightly higher than the ground level by 8 cm. After planting, cut out the tree plate and cover a small piece of film of 50 × 50 cm.

2. Fertilizer and water: when passionflower is first planted, the application of base fertilizer should be combined with hole-opening planting. 10-15 kg of rotten farm manure was applied to each hole, and then planted after filling the hole soil. Every year after fruit harvest, pruning and weeding should be combined with sufficient base fertilizer, with 8 kilograms of rotten organic fertilizer per plant. Passionflower topdressing is generally carried out after colonization and survival, once a month, first light and then concentrated, with the application of thin dung water is better.

3. Introduction of vines: when passionflower young trees grow to 40-50 cm, they should set up pillars in time to draw young vines on the shelf. When the main vine of the young tree grows to 70-80 cm, two lateral vines are left, which are pulled on the shelf respectively to make the first layer of main vine. When the plant grows to 150cm to 160cm, a strong lateral branch is left, which is used as a second-layer main branch at the same time as the extended branch of the main vine, which is pulled up in the opposite direction to form a double-layer four-branch vine shaping.

4. Flowering: passionflower bud belongs to the same year differentiation type, one side shoot, the other side differentiation, from flower bud differentiation to flowering only about 30 days. The cuttage seedlings of the new species can blossom in June, and a small amount of fruit will be on the market in August. In the second year, it can blossom many times from March to November every year, and one flower can be formed on the base of each branch of the flowering section, and 4-6 normal flowers can be formed continuously in production, and then energy-saving every 2-3 to form normally developed flowers.

5. Results: the ripening time of passionflower fruit varies with different flowering seasons. the flowers from May to June mature at 50-60 days after anthesis, those from August to September need 70-90 days, and those after October need 100-120 days to mature. The seed setting rate of self-pollination is high, and mature fruits can be picked from mid-June to early February of the following year, and the most concentrated harvest periods are in early July and late October, respectively.