Control methods of muskmelon Fusarium wilt

Muskmelon wilt, also known as blight, is a plant disease caused by fungi or bacteria. Symptoms include severe spots, wilting or death of leaves, flowers, fruits, stems or whole plants. Young tissues of fast-growing melons are often invaded. It can affect the flowers, leaves, buds, seedlings, twigs, stems and top tips of melons. Let's take a look at the prevention and control of melon wilt.

Damaging symptoms

In the early stage of muskmelon Fusarium wilt, the plant leaves wilted gradually from the base to the top, which was obvious at noon, and could recover sooner or later. After a few days, all the leaves wilted and drooped and no longer recovered. The base of the stem is slightly constricted, and the epidermis is rough, often longitudinally split. When wet, the rhizome is water-stained and rotten, and the surface often produces white or pink mildew. The roots of diseased plants turn brown and are easy to pull up, the cortex and xylem are easy to peel off, and the vascular bundles turn brown. The peak period of the disease is from flowering to fruit setting.

Disease condition

The optimum temperature for the development and infection of Fusarium wilt of muskmelon was 2425 ℃, the highest was 34 ℃, and the lowest was 4 ℃. The incubation period of soil temperature 15 ℃ was 15 days, 20 ℃ 9 days, 25 days 30 ℃ 4 days, suitable for pH4.5~6. The investigation showed that the main conditions for the occurrence of the disease were seedling aging, continuous cropping, non-decay of organic fertilizer, excessive drought of soil or acidic soil with heavy texture.

Prevention and cure method

1. Selection of improved varieties: disease-resistant varieties such as red flesh reticulated melon, Snow White, Suizhou large white melon and precocious varieties such as Elizabeth, Red Mannan, Xin Miza 7, Ba, Huangdanzi and Green Pearl were selected. At the same time, rotation with non-melon crops for more than 5 years, preferably flood-drought rotation.

2. Soil conditioning: the application of compost made by enzyme bacteria or fully mature organic fertilizer or 0.5% smurh additive in the soil (rice husk, bagasse, shrimp shell powder, etc., made of urea, calcium superphosphate and potassium nitrate) can reduce the occurrence of Fusarium wilt. Hydrated lime should be applied to acid soil, and soil pH should be adjusted to neutral from 100kg to 150kg per mu.

3. Seed disinfection: soak the seeds with 40% formalin 150 times solution for 30 minutes, rinse the seeds with clean water and then accelerate the germination and sow the seeds, or soak the seeds with 50% methyl carbendazim or carbendazim wettable powder for 30 minutes. Mix seeds with 40% of seed weight 0.2-0.3% or 50% carbendazim wettable powder.

4. Drug control: raise seedlings with nutrition bowl, use Shuangduo suspending agent (watermelon heavy stubble agent) and magical immortal 300 times liquid to irrigate acupoints, 0.5 kg per hole, 1 kg per mu. When sowing seeds and 5 leaves of muskmelon, 600 × 700 times of Shuangduo suspending agent was irrigated with 0.5 kg of good solution per hole and 1 kg of medicine per mu twice.