Cultivation Technique of Melon in Greenhouse

Muskmelon is an annual trailing herb of Cucurbitaceae, also known as cantaloupe, cantaloupe, cantaloupe and so on. It is widely cultivated in all parts of China, and also widely cultivated in temperate to tropical regions of the world. The fruit is an important fruit in midsummer. Because of its long cultivation, it is of great economic value. Let's take a look at the greenhouse planting technology of muskmelon.

Variety selection

Muskmelon varieties planted in greenhouse should be mainly early-maturing, medium-maturing and high-quality varieties, supplemented by an appropriate number of mid-late-maturing varieties. At present, the main varieties used in greenhouse production are Elizabeth, silver honey seed, net grain incense, as well as some suitable early-maturing and medium-maturing varieties at home and abroad.

Soaking seeds to accelerate germination

Muskmelon seeds need to be carefully selected, dry for 2 days before budding, then soak the seeds in about 50 ℃ of warm water for about 15 minutes, and pay attention to stirring, the water temperature is naturally cooled, and then soaked for 5 hours, then removed and washed, and then sterilized with medicine solution. The commonly used drugs are soaked in 0.1% potassium permanganate for 2 hours, 500-fold solution of 70% methyl topiramate or 1000-fold solution of 50% carbendazim for half an hour. Wash the soaked seeds with clean water once, put them in a container covered with a wet towel and place them in a thermostat or on a hot Kang for sprouting. The temperature is controlled at 30 ℃, and the buds can come out in 24 hours. When the buds were exposed, the temperature dropped to about 25 ℃ and dropped to 13-20 ℃ before sowing to prevent the high temperature from overgrowing. Pay attention to fertilizer and water management at seedling stage, generally not suitable for pouring water.

Seedling stage management

After sowing, the temperature of melon seeds was kept at 28: 32 ℃ in daytime and 18: 20 ℃ at night, which could not be lower than 13 ℃. After the seedlings came out, the temperature was kept at 20: 26 ℃ in the daytime and 10: 13 ℃ at night. After the true leaves are flattened, when the true leaves are flattened at 22: 30 ℃ in the daytime, 13: 20 ℃ at night, and 2: 3 true leaves in the daytime, the seedlings should be kept at 18: 20 ℃ in the daytime, 10: 15 ℃ at night, the seedling age is about 30 days, and the seedlings are planted at the stage of 4-5 leaves.

Apply sufficient base fertilizer

Add mature farm manure 3500-4000kg per mu, calcium superphosphate 60kg, ammonium bicarbonate 40kg, cake fertilizer 100kg, apply 2/3 basic fertilizer, pour enough bottom water and turn 25cm to 30cm, finally rake fine and level it. Sprinkle the remaining 1/3 base fertilizer on the planting line, spread by 0.4m, and then mix well with the soil.

Planting management

Muskmelon seedlings were planted in strawberry ridges from late March to early April, with row spacing of 45-50-70, seedling protection of 1900-2100 per mu and pit depth of 15 cm. Apply a little organic fertilizer and inorganic fertilizer to the planting hole and mix it evenly. After entering the pit, the melon seedlings are 2cm away from the border surface, surrounded by fine soil and watered with enough planting water.

Pruning management

Muskmelon is mainly the fruit of son vine and grandson vine, and should be flexibly mastered when pruning. When the melon seedling grows to 4 true leaves, one vine grows in the armpit of 1 leaf and 4 leaves. Generally, the vine near the root is removed, leaving the first 3 vines. Each vine needs to leave grandchildren to bear melon when it has 4 or 5 leaves. It is best to bear 5 or 6 melons per vine. If there are few or unable to sit still, you need to leave your grandchildren to bear melons. Each vine had better release 3-4 vines, and each vine should pick its heart again in the 4th leaf, and let it sit 4-5 grandchildren in the whole plant. After pruning, it is suitable to keep 6-8 melons per plant.

Fertilizer and water management

Muskmelon needs a large amount of fertilizer in the growing season, not only applying sufficient base fertilizer, but also topdressing. Phosphorus and potassium fertilizer can improve the quality of muskmelon, generally applying more potassium fertilizer and less nitrogen fertilizer. The peak of nitrogen uptake in muskmelon growing season was 2 weeks before pollination. Generally, about 5 kg of ammonium sulfate per mu of topdressing can be carried out with watering. The young fruit expansion period (the beginning of the size of melon eggs) is mainly topdressing potash fertilizer, 46 kg per mu, and foliar fertilizer can be sprayed every other week. Before fruit setting, the maximum soil moisture retention capacity is 70%, the young fruit expansion period is 80% 85%, and the fruit ripening stage is 55% 60%. The early stage of water should not be too much, in order to prevent overgrowth and falling flowers and fruit, the fruit expansion period should have adequate water supply, watering every other week.