High-yield cultivation techniques of Wo Citrus

The mandarin originated in Israel and was successively cultivated in the United States, South Korea, Chongqing and Guangxi. It has the characteristics of beautiful appearance, late ripening and high sugar, early high yield and high quality, strong tree, cold and drought tolerance, not easy to yellowing and fruit cracking and sunburn, no fruit drop in the later stage, tolerance to storage and transportation, harvest in the off-season and so on. Let's take a look at the high-yield cultivation techniques of Wo mandarin.

Yield performance of fertile mandarin

The fertile mandarin mainly takes the early autumn shoot as the fruiting mother branch, and the fruiting shoot is mostly leafy flower branch, and the fruit setting rate is higher in the middle and lower part of the crown. The grafted seedlings of "fertile mandarin" on Fructus Aurantii rootstock began to test flowers after 3 years of planting. The plant yield reached 51kg in the fourth year and 19.7kg in the fifth year. In the second year, the yield per plant was between 3.4kg and 10.4kg, and the yield per plant in the third year was 17.2kg and 1400 kg per mu, respectively.

Preparation of mandarin saplings

When cultivating fertile orange, it is necessary to ensure that the plant type of fertile citrus seedlings is good and the root system is intact, especially without carrying the pathogens of quarantine diseases such as citrus Huanglong disease, canker disease, decline disease and so on. Ziyang orange, sour orange and red orange are the main rootstocks in dry sloping land or alkaline soil, and big-leaf Fructus Aurantii is used as rootstock in paddy field.

Garden soil tillage

Choose loose, fertile, good drainage and irrigation, leeward to the sun or paddy field to build a garden, and those with a small slope can use a large horsepower tractor with a single plow to carry out deep ploughing in the whole orchard, ploughing the field in the direction of contours or vertical roads when the soil moisture is low, ploughing at a depth of 60cm to 70cm, and then raking once or twice to level off. Then, according to the drainage condition of sloping land, flat land or paddy field, dig the drainage ditch with hook machine. You can also use a large hook machine to hook the whole park at a depth of more than 60 centimeters, and then rake it flat. Or dig the planting pit 1 meter wide and 0.6 meters deep, put 50 kilograms of retted organic fertilizer and 1 kilogram of calcium superphosphate mixed with the soil and return to the pit, the soil is higher than the ground.

Planting technique of fertile mandarin

The main results are as follows: 1. Planting density: the planting distance of fertile mandarin is 230m, the row spacing is 340m, and 56110plants per mu are planted, which can be selected according to planting preference and management level.

2. Planting time: the planting time of fertile mandarin is from February to early May, when the temperature rises, when there is more rainfall or when it is cloudy, it can also be planted from September to November, when it rains or when it is cloudy, and container seedlings can be planted throughout the year.

3. Planting method: the bare root seedlings of Wo Citrus can be soaked in 0.1% potassium permanganate solution for about 2 minutes, and then rinsed with clean water for about 3 minutes, which can kill the bacteria on the surface of the plants. then soak the roots of Wo Citrus seedlings in sterilization, insecticidal, nutrient solution and other solutions for about 8 hours, take out the seedlings and stick to the yellow mud hit by this solution.

Young tree management of mandarin

1. Fertilizer and water management: fertile mandarin grows very strongly and needs great water and fertilizer. The integrated drip irrigation device of water and fertilizer should be installed as far as possible, which mainly includes fertilizer dissolving pool, pool, filter, pump, main pipe, branch pipe, switch, drip belt, drip head and so on. The goal of young trees is to cultivate the crown rapidly, so as to apply only once a year as base fertilizer, about 15 kg of organic fertilizer per plant and 2 kg of compound fertilizer.

2. Shaping and pruning: the ability of mandarin shoots is very strong. Under the condition of good water and fertilizer in Nanning, Guangxi, young trees can sprout new shoots 6 or 7 times a year. If they are not controlled, the shoots are short and weak. After the seedlings are planted, the height of the main stem is about 20cm to 30cm, and then it is pruned according to the guiding ideology of the method of "one fork and three branches", that is, about three uniform and stout branches are left on each branch, and the excess branches are erased. The overlong branches are cut short when the branches are mature, and the length of each branch is 20cm to 25cm. This method has clear shaping guiding ideology, easy to operate, and can also make the whole tree shape reasonable. The branches can be sturdy, mature as soon as possible and sprout new buds, which is beneficial to the simplified management of fertile mandarin fruit trees.

Adult tree management of mandarin

1. Fertilizer and water management: it can be summarized into three sentences: "Spring nitrogen, summer potassium and autumn compound, bran drenched during expansion, and heavy application to promote recovery after harvest". 50 kg of fermented organic fertilizer was applied once a year, and peanut bran and calcium superphosphate were added. During the fruit expansion period from September to December, attention should be paid to strengthening water and fertilizer irrigation during drought, and frequent and thin application, and attention should be paid to controlling moisture during fruit ripening period from January to March in order to increase sugar accumulation.